أسئلة تدريبية على نمط NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): حزمة المراجعة المكثفة

Why should a tourniquet not be left on for a long time before taking blood?

1. AIt stops the needle from entering the vein because the vein is too hard
2. BIt makes the blood turn blue in the tube
3. CIt makes the patient's arm grow stronger
4. DIt can change the results, for example by concentrating the blood

Why must medicines for Parkinson's disease, such as levodopa, be given on time?

1. AThe timing does not matter as long as the full daily total is given
2. BLate doses cause the patient to fall asleep
3. CLate doses can cause severe stiffness, falls and swallowing problems
4. DThe drug becomes poisonous if it is given late

A nurse pours sterile saline into a bowl on a sterile field. Which technique is correct?

1. AReach across the field to fill the bowl at the far side
2. BHold the bottle with the label in the palm and pour without touching the bowl
3. CPour from below the level of the field to reduce splashing
4. DRest the lip of the bottle on the edge of the bowl so that the saline does not splash

An IV bag from the pharmacy holds the correct drug, but the label shows another patient’s name. What should the nurse do?

1. ANot hang it, and get a correctly labeled bag from the pharmacy
2. BHang it, because the drug and dose are correct
3. CCross out the name and write in the correct patient’s name
4. DAsk the patient whether it is fine to use the bag

A nurse teaches a patient with heart failure. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I add extra salt to my food so it tastes better.”
2. B“I will weigh myself every morning after I use the toilet.”
3. C“I will call if my weight goes up quickly over a day or two.”
4. D“I will take my water tablet in the morning.”

A patient in labor is receiving oxytocin, and the fetal monitor shows repeated late decelerations. What should the nurse do first?

1. AStop the oxytocin infusion
2. BIncrease the oxytocin rate
3. CPlace the patient flat on her back
4. DEncourage the patient to start pushing

During a vesicant chemotherapy infusion, the patient reports burning and swelling at the cannula site. What should the nurse do first?

1. AIncrease the rate so that the infusion finishes as quickly as possible
2. BStop the infusion straight away and follow the extravasation protocol
3. CApply a warm pack and continue the infusion
4. DFlush the cannula hard with saline

A patient due a blood transfusion is not wearing an identity band. What should the nurse do?

1. ACheck the name on the bed and proceed
2. BAsk another patient to confirm who the patient is
3. CAsk the patient to state their name and date of birth, then start straight away
4. DNot start until a correct identity band is in place and identity is confirmed

When should a blood specimen tube be labeled?

1. AAt the nurses' station, after all samples for the shift are drawn
2. BBefore entering the room, so tubes are ready for the next patients
3. CIn the laboratory, by the staff who receive the unlabeled sample
4. DAt the bedside, in the patient's presence, using two identifiers

A patient receiving parenteral nutrition with lipid emulsion has a triglyceride level of 620 mg/dL (7,0 mmol/L). Why is this result important?

1. AIt raises the risk of acute pancreatitis
2. BIt is a normal fasting value for adults
3. CIt means the patient needs more lipid
4. DIt shows the nutrition is fully effective

How should the nurse straighten the ear canal to give ear drops to a 2-year-old child?

1. APush the pinna forward and up
2. BPull the pinna up and back
3. CLeave the ear untouched and drop into the canal
4. DPull the pinna down and back

How does aripiprazole differ from most other antipsychotics?

1. AIt works by blocking the reuptake of serotonin only
2. BIt is a partial agonist at dopamine D2 receptors
3. CIt is a full dopamine agonist that increases dopamine activity
4. DIt has no effect on dopamine and acts only on histamine

After thrombolysis for a myocardial infarction, which complication is the nurse most concerned to detect?

1. AA high blood glucose caused by the thrombolytic drug itself
2. BBleeding, including a sudden change in neurological status
3. CConstipation from bed rest
4. DA skin rash appearing at the sites of the ECG electrodes

Shortly after a thoracentesis, a patient becomes breathless with sharp chest pain and reduced breath sounds on the same side. What complication is most likely?

1. APneumothorax
2. BInfection at the puncture site
3. CPulmonary embolism from the leg
4. DRe-accumulation of the effusion

Which blood gas pattern is typical of acute kidney injury?

1. ALow pH and low bicarbonate
2. BHigh pH and low carbon dioxide
3. CLow pH and high carbon dioxide only
4. DHigh pH and high bicarbonate

A patient on carbamazepine is admitted confused, with a sodium of 121 mmol/L. Which explanation is most likely?

1. AThe low sodium proves the patient has stopped taking the drug
2. BCarbamazepine can cause hyponatraemia through an SIADH-like effect
3. CConfusion is a normal, expected effect of carbamazepine and is unrelated to sodium
4. DCarbamazepine causes salt loss through severe diarrhoea

أيّ مساحة تُستخدم كتقدير سريع لـ 1% من مساحة سطح الجسم للحروق الصغيرة أو المتناثرة؟

1. Aظفر إبهام المريض
2. Bراحة يد الفاحص مع الأصابع
3. Cراحة يد المريض مع الأصابع
4. Dيد المريض وساعده

Which patient has the highest risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting?

1. AA man with no history of nausea having local anaesthetic only
2. BA smoker who has never had nausea after surgery
3. CA non-smoking woman with motion sickness who will need opioids
4. DA male smoker having a short procedure without opioids

A woman 4 hours after birth has severe perineal pain and pressure. Her fundus is firm, lochia is normal, and her heart rate is rising. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ANormal afterpains
2. BA urinary tract infection
3. CUterine atony
4. DA vulvar or vaginal haematoma

Just after delivery of the placenta, a woman suddenly has severe pain, heavy bleeding and shock. No fundus can be felt abdominally and a mass is seen at the vulva. What is most likely?

1. ACervical laceration
2. BUterine inversion
3. CAmniotic fluid embolism
4. DUterine atony

A child with a myelomeningocele has a neurogenic bladder. Which management is usual?

1. AWaiting for bladder control to develop naturally
2. BClean intermittent catheterisation
3. CA permanent catheter left in place for life
4. DRestricting fluids to reduce urine volume

Which child is most appropriate to assign to a practical (enrolled) nurse?

1. AA 7-year-old 2 days after an appendicectomy, stable on oral analgesia
2. BAn infant with bronchiolitis who needs more and more oxygen
3. CA 5-year-old just back from tonsillectomy who keeps swallowing
4. DA 9-year-old newly admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis on an insulin infusion

In the termination phase of the nurse–patient relationship, which behaviour is common and should be expected?

1. AThe patient may show anger, sadness or a return of earlier symptoms
2. BThe patient asks for the relationship to start again from the beginning
3. CThe patient finally begins to share their problems for the first time
4. DThe patient always feels relieved and shows no feelings

Verbal de-escalation has failed, and a patient picks up a chair and threatens to throw it at the nurse. What should the nurse do first?

1. ATurn her back and walk away slowly without saying anything
2. BKeep a safe distance, call for help and avoid trying to take the chair alone
3. CShout loudly at the patient to put the chair down at once, so that he knows the nurse is in charge
4. DGrab the chair from the patient quickly before he can use it

تمرين تدريبي (قيم مختلَقة، ليست إرشادات سريرية). طول مريض 194 cm. باستخدام 1 in = 2,54 cm، أوجد الطول h بالبوصة. قرّب إلى منزلة عشرية واحدة.

تمرين تدريبي (قيم مختلَقة، ليست إرشادات سريرية). نتيجة كرياتينين المصل 119 µmol/L. باستخدام 1 mg/dL = 88,4 µmol/L للكرياتينين، أوجد c بوحدة mg/dL. قرّب إلى منزلتين عشريتين.

يلزم جرعة 250 mg من محلول 5% (w/v). ما الحجم V الذي يحتوي هذه الجرعة؟

وُصف لطفل وزنه 20 kg مقدار 12,5 mg/kg لكل جرعة من معلّق فموي يحتوي 100 mg في 5 mL. ما الحجم V الذي تعطيه؟

سرّب 250 mL خلال 10 ساعات بطقم معامله 60 قطرة/mL. أوجد معدل التنقيط R بالقطرات في الدقيقة.

وُصف 500 mL خلال 6 ساعات. بعد 4 ساعات تجد أن 210 mL لا يزال في الكيس، ويجب أن ينتهي الأمر الطبي في موعده. بأيّ نسبة مئوية Δ يجب زيادة معدّل المضخة الأصلي؟

تمرين تدريبي (قيم مختلَقة، ليست إرشادات سريرية). يبيّن السجل مدخول مريض ومخرَجه لمناوبة واحدة مدتها 8 ساعات. وزن المريض 73 kg. أوجد متوسط كمية البول U بالـ mL/kg/h. قرّب إلى منزلتين عشريتين.

تمرين تدريبي (قيم مختلَقة، ليست إرشادات سريرية). بدأ كيس 500 mL عند الساعة 06:15 ويجري بالمضخة بمعدل 150 mL/h. كم mL V يتبقى في الكيس عند الساعة 08:45؟

تمرين تدريبي (قيم مختلَقة، ليست إرشادات سريرية). يُقيَّم مريض تدريبي بمقياس برادن: الإدراك الحسي: محدود تمامًا; الرطوبة: رطب جدًا; النشاط: طريح الكرسي; الحركة: محدود قليلًا; التغذية: غير كافية على الأرجح; الاحتكاك والقص: مشكلة محتملة. أوجد مجموع برادن B.

تمرين تدريبي (قيم مختلَقة، ليست إرشادات سريرية). بالغ وزنه 57 kg وطوله 180 cm. احسب BMI وانقر على فئة الوزن بحسب منظمة الصحة العالمية.

1. 1نقص الوزن
2. 2وزن صحي
3. 3زيادة الوزن
4. 4السمنة من الدرجة الأولى
5. 5السمنة من الدرجة الثانية
6. 6السمنة من الدرجة الثالثة