تحديد الأولويات والتفويض بأسلوب NCLEX: حزمة المراجعة المكثفة

A swimmer is found unresponsive after diving into shallow water. Which method should the nurse use to open the airway?

1. AHead-tilt, chin-lift with full neck extension
2. BJaw thrust, keeping the head and neck in line
3. CRaising the chin while bending the neck forward
4. DTurning the head to the side to drain water

A patient with COPD on 2 L/min oxygen becomes drowsy and hard to wake. The SpO₂ is 93%. What is the priority?

1. AIncrease the oxygen to 6 L/min so that the saturation goes even higher than now
2. BLet the patient sleep, because the saturation is above target
3. CAssess breathing and escalate for a blood gas, as carbon dioxide may be rising
4. DGive the as-needed sedative so the patient rests comfortably

An adult with hepatitis A is incontinent of stool. Which precautions are used?

1. AA protective environment with filtered air
2. BDroplet precautions with a surgical mask
3. CAirborne precautions in a negative-pressure room with the door closed
4. DContact precautions in addition to standard precautions

A handwritten order is hard to read, and the nurse is not sure of the drug name. What should the nurse do?

1. AHold the drug until the next day without telling anyone
2. BContact the prescriber to clarify before giving anything
3. CAsk a colleague to guess what it says
4. DChoose the drug that seems most likely from the diagnosis

A patient with joint aches has a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) test. Which statement is correct?

1. AA positive ANA means the patient has a viral infection
2. BA positive ANA proves the patient has rheumatoid arthritis
3. CA positive ANA supports lupus but does not diagnose it alone
4. DA positive ANA rules out all other autoimmune diseases

The nurse prepares a patient for a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test tomorrow morning. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll avoid smoking until the test is over"
2. B"I'll fast overnight but can drink plain water"
3. C"I'll stay seated during the test if I can"
4. D"I can have a light breakfast before the test"

A nurse suspects that an older patient is being financially abused by a relative. What should the nurse do?

1. ARaise the concern through the local safeguarding (adult protection) procedure
2. BWait until the patient has been discharged
3. CKeep it secret because it is a family matter
4. DConfront the relative directly at the bedside about it

A nurse teaches a patient with heart failure about self-care. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will report it if I need more pillows to sleep."
2. B"I only need to weigh myself once a month."
3. C"I will take my water tablet in the morning."
4. D"I will weigh myself each morning after passing urine."

A patient is starting long-term amiodarone. Which teaching and monitoring are most important?

1. AExpect orange urine and no need for blood tests
2. BAvoid dairy products and have the INR checked once at the start
3. CProtect skin from sunlight and have thyroid, liver and lung checks
4. DEat extra salt and stop the drug as soon as the pulse is regular

A nurse receives handover on four patients. Which patient should be seen first?

1. AA patient with pneumonia on IV antibiotics who now has a temperature of 38,2 °C
2. BA patient on day 1 after surgery who is newly restless, RR 30/min, SpO₂ 88% on 4 L/min
3. CA patient with asthma who wants a reliever inhaler before a walk
4. DA patient with COPD on 1 L/min whose SpO₂ has been 89% and stable throughout the night

Which group of problems is typical of primary hyperparathyroidism?

1. AMuscle cramps, tingling lips and seizures
2. BKidney stones, bone pain, abdominal pain and low mood
3. CHair loss, weight gain and feeling cold
4. DHeat intolerance, tremor, weight loss and diarrhoea

Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. AAssessing a confused patient whose glucose is 2,6 mmol/L (47 mg/dL)
2. BChecking pre-meal glucose and reporting results out of range
3. CTeaching a new patient how to inject insulin
4. DDeciding the dose of correction insulin from the glucose result

أيّ نمط شاردي نموذجي لمتلازمة انحلال الورم؟

1. Aانخفاض البوتاسيوم والفوسفات وحمض اليوريك
2. Bارتفاع البوتاسيوم والفوسفات وحمض اليوريك؛ وانخفاض الكالسيوم
3. Cانخفاض البوتاسيوم والفوسفات مع ارتفاع الكالسيوم
4. Dارتفاع الصوديوم وارتفاع الكالسيوم مع انخفاض حمض اليوريك

مريض لديه تخدير فوق الجافية بعد جراحة بطنية، ضغطه 82/48 mmHg ونبضه 70/min وقدماه دافئتان. استُبعد النزف. ما السبب الأرجح؟

1. Aصدمة نقص حجم بسبب فقد الدم
2. Bحصر ودي ناجم عن التخدير فوق الجافية
3. Cصدمة قلبية المنشأ بعد الجراحة
4. Dتأق من المخدر الموضعي