1.تحديد الأولويات والتفويضمتوسطة
أثناء فرز START، بالغ لا يستطيع المشي يتنفس 36 مرة في الدقيقة. أي فئة يُعطاها؟
- Aأحمر (فوري)
- Bأخضر (طفيف)
- Cأصفر (مؤجَّل)
- Dأسود (متوقَّع)
2.تحديد الأولويات والتفويضصعبة
A chemical cleaning fluid splashes into a patient’s eye. What should the nurse do first?
- ACover the eye with a dry patch and wait for the provider
- BFlush the eye with plenty of water or saline straight away
- CGive antibiotic eye drops first
- DRub the eye gently with a clean tissue to remove the chemical
3.مكافحة العدوى وسلامة المرضىمتوسطة
Where should the drainage bag of an indwelling urinary catheter be kept?
- AOn the floor under the bed, where it is out of the way
- BOn the bed next to the patient’s hip
- CHung on the IV pole above the patient
- DBelow the level of the bladder and off the floor
4.مكافحة العدوى وسلامة المرضىصعبة
يطلب مريض مصاب بالسل الرئوي النشط أن يدخل الزوار. ما أفضل ردّ؟
- Aأن يُطلب من الزوار الوقوف في المدخل المفتوح بدل دخول الغرفة
- Bمنع أي اتصال بشكل دائم، بما في ذلك المكالمات الهاتفية
- Cشرح الخطر وتحديد الزيارات وتعليم الزوار استخدام الحماية المتوفرة
- Dالسماح لأي زائر بالدخول دون احتياطات لدعم المريض
5.القيم المخبرية والشواردمتوسطة
A patient who is breathless during a transfusion has hypotension, fever and bilateral lung infiltrates, with no signs of fluid overload. Which complication is most likely?
- ATransfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
- BA mild febrile nonhemolytic reaction
- CA simple allergic reaction with hives
- DTransfusion-associated circulatory overload
6.القيم المخبرية والشواردصعبة
A patient has fatigue, weight loss, darkening of the skin and low blood pressure. Results: sodium 130 mEq/L, potassium 5,6 mEq/L. Which test pattern would confirm primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)?
- AHigh cortisol with a high ACTH
- BHigh cortisol with a low ACTH
- CLow cortisol with a high ACTH
- DLow cortisol with a low ACTH
7.التمريض السريريمتوسطة
Why is lactulose given to a patient with hepatic encephalopathy?
- ATo lower the blood glucose
- BTo increase the liver's production of albumin
- CTo stop bleeding from varices
- DTo reduce the absorption of ammonia from the gut
8.التمريض السريريصعبة
Why is hypokalaemia particularly dangerous in a patient taking digoxin?
- ALow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity
- BLow potassium makes digoxin work too slowly
- CLow potassium stops digoxin from being absorbed
- DDigoxin raises potassium to dangerous levels when it is already low
9.التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسيمتوسطة
A patient with a mechanical heart valve asks to switch from warfarin to apixaban. What is the correct response?
- AAspirin alone can replace warfarin once the valve has healed
- BDirect oral anticoagulants are not used for mechanical valves
- CAny anticoagulant works equally well once the valve is in place
- DMechanical valves do not need anticoagulation after the first month
10.التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسيصعبة
A patient has sudden severe chest pain spreading to the back between the shoulder blades. Which finding most supports aortic dissection rather than myocardial infarction?
- ASweating, nausea and pallor that started with the pain
- BPain that started at rest
- CA heart rate of 104/min and a respiratory rate of 22/min
- DA large difference in blood pressure between the arms
11.التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الأعصاب والغدد الصماء والكلىمتوسطة
What is the dexamethasone suppression test used for?
- ATo diagnose diabetes insipidus
- BTo help diagnose Cushing's syndrome
- CTo measure kidney function
- DTo check thyroid function
12.التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الأعصاب والغدد الصماء والكلىصعبة
A patient with polycystic kidney disease suddenly has the worst headache of their life and neck stiffness. What should the nurse suspect?
- AA migraine linked to high blood pressure
- BPain spreading upwards from a kidney cyst
- CA urinary infection that has spread
- DA subarachnoid haemorrhage from a brain aneurysm
13.التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الجهاز الهضمي وما حول الجراحة والأوراممتوسطة
Patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors may develop immune-related side effects. Which symptom should they report promptly?
- AMild tiredness after a busy day
- BA small bruise after a knock
- CNew diarrhoea or abdominal pain
- DSlight hair thinning over months
14.التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الجهاز الهضمي وما حول الجراحة والأورامصعبة
After a high-voltage electrical injury, a patient's urine is dark red-brown. What does this suggest and what is the usual aim?
- ANormal concentrated urine; restrict fluids
- BA urinary infection; send a sample and wait for the result
- CMyoglobin from muscle damage; a higher urine output target
- DBleeding from the bladder; stop all fluids