In the print window, choose “Save as PDF” to keep a copy on your device.
1Formulas and methods
Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Method
Check whether the resident is in danger right now (not breathing, choking, a fall, chest pain, stroke signs); if so, keep them safe and get the nurse at once.
Ask whether the task is within the nursing assistant’s scope and training; if not, decline politely and tell the nurse.
Respect the resident’s rights: privacy, choice, refusal of care, dignity and freedom from abuse and unneeded restraints.
Apply the basic rules: hand hygiene, body mechanics, bed low and call light within reach, weak side first when dressing.
Observe and report: compare with the resident’s usual state and report changes promptly and objectively.
Nursing math & unit conversions
Metric steps
1 kg = 1000 g, 1 g = 1000 mg, 1 mg = 1000 mcg, 1 L = 1000 mL
Weight and length
1 kg = 2.2 lb, 1 lb = 16 oz, 1 in = 2.54 cm, 1 ft = 12 in
Household measures
1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL
Write the given quantity with its unit and the unit you want.
Pick the equivalent: 1000 between kg, g, mg and mcg or L and mL; 1 kg = 2.2 lb; 1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 240 mL.
Write it as a fraction so that the unwanted unit cancels; for a rate, use one fraction per unit that changes.
Check the direction: a smaller unit gives a bigger number.
Round only the final answer, to the precision the question names.
2Practice problems
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeMedium
After applying anti-embolism stockings, what should the nursing assistant check?
AThat they are smooth, and the toes are warm and normal in color
BThat they are tight enough to leave deep marks
CThat the toes are covered so they cannot be seen
DThat they are rolled down a little at the top so they stay in place
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeHard
Another nursing assistant says, "I didn't get to take vital signs in Room 12; just write down normal numbers for them." What should the nursing assistant do?
AWrite normal numbers, because the resident was well this morning
BCopy the numbers from the previous shift
CRefuse, and tell the nurse that the vital signs were not taken
DWrite the numbers but mark them with a question mark
3.Nursing math & unit conversionsMedium
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A patient’s temperature is 40.5 °C. Convert it to degrees Fahrenheit T with °F = °C × 9/5 + 32. Round to one decimal place.
40.5 °C
T = °F
4.Nursing math & unit conversionsHard
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). An infusion starts at 19:55 and finishes at 09:00 the next morning (24-hour clock). How many minutes t did it run?
19:5509:00
t = min
3Solutions
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: A · That they are smooth, and the toes are warm and normal in color
Why this is the answer
Stockings must be smooth and unrolled, because wrinkles and rolled edges cut into the skin and reduce circulation. Toes are checked for color, warmth and feeling, and problems are reported.
Answer
A · That they are smooth, and the toes are warm and normal in color
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: C · Refuse, and tell the nurse that the vital signs were not taken
Why this is the answer
Writing values that were not measured is falsifying a record, which is illegal and dangerous. The nursing assistant refuses, makes sure the nurse knows the vital signs are still needed and, if this is a pattern, reports it.
Answer
C · Refuse, and tell the nurse that the vital signs were not taken
3.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: T = 104.9 °F
Temperature: °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9 and °F = °C × 9/5 + 32. Subtract 32 before you multiply when going from °F, and add 32 after you multiply when going from °C. A quick check: 37 °C is 98.6 °F, and every 1 °C is 1.8 °F.
Multiply by 9/5
40.5·9/5 = 72.9
Add 32
T = 72.9 + 32 = 104.9 °F
Answer
T = 104.9 °F
4.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: t = 785 min
24-hour clock: from 1 PM onwards add 12 to the hour (3:45 PM = 15:45). Midnight to 12:59 AM is 00:00–00:59, and 12:00–12:59 PM stays 12:00–12:59. Going back, subtract 12 from hours 13–23 and add PM; hours 00 become 12 AM. Count time across midnight in two parts: up to 24:00 (00:00), then from 00:00 on.
Before midnight
19:55 → 24:00 = 245 min
After midnight
00:00 → 09:00 = 540 min
Total
t = 245 + 540 = 785 min
Answer
t = 785 min
This is independent practice material. ExamProblems is not affiliated with or endorsed by the organisation that runs this exam, and the exam name is used only to describe the content.