In the print window, choose “Save as PDF” to keep a copy on your device.
1Formulas and methods
Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Method
Check whether the resident is in danger right now (not breathing, choking, a fall, chest pain, stroke signs); if so, keep them safe and get the nurse at once.
Ask whether the task is within the nursing assistant’s scope and training; if not, decline politely and tell the nurse.
Respect the resident’s rights: privacy, choice, refusal of care, dignity and freedom from abuse and unneeded restraints.
Apply the basic rules: hand hygiene, body mechanics, bed low and call light within reach, weak side first when dressing.
Observe and report: compare with the resident’s usual state and report changes promptly and objectively.
Nursing math & unit conversions
Metric steps
1 kg = 1000 g, 1 g = 1000 mg, 1 mg = 1000 mcg, 1 L = 1000 mL
Weight and length
1 kg = 2.2 lb, 1 lb = 16 oz, 1 in = 2.54 cm, 1 ft = 12 in
Household measures
1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL
Write the given quantity with its unit and the unit you want.
Pick the equivalent: 1000 between kg, g, mg and mcg or L and mL; 1 kg = 2.2 lb; 1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 240 mL.
Write it as a fraction so that the unwanted unit cancels; for a rate, use one fraction per unit that changes.
Check the direction: a smaller unit gives a bigger number.
Round only the final answer, to the precision the question names.
2Practice problems
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeMedium
When speaking with a resident who has dementia, which nonverbal approach helps?
AStanding over the resident with crossed arms
BSpeaking while walking out of the room
CApproaching quickly from behind so that care can start sooner
DApproaching from the front with eye contact and a calm tone
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeHard
After a stroke, a resident ignores the food on the left side of her tray. Which approach can help, if it is in the care plan?
ARemove the food from the left side of the tray
BFeed her everything without letting her try
CAssume she is not hungry and take the tray away after a few minutes
DTell her where the food is and prompt her to look to the left
3.Nursing math & unit conversionsMedium
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A patient is 4 ft 7 in tall. Using 1 ft = 12 in and 1 in = 2.54 cm, find the height h in centimetres, to the nearest whole centimetre.
4 ft 7 in1 ft = 12 in1 in = 2.54 cm
h = cm
4.Nursing math & unit conversionsHard
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). During a shift a patient takes 1 cup of tea, 1 tsp of cough syrup, 1 tbsp of liquid supplement, 8 fl oz of juice. Using the equivalents given, find the total oral intake V in mL.
1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL1 tsp = 5 mL1 tbsp = 15 mL1 fl oz = 30 mL
V = mL
3Solutions
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: D · Approaching from the front with eye contact and a calm tone
Why this is the answer
Approaching from the front, at eye level, with a calm voice and relaxed body language reduces fear and helps the resident with dementia focus. Being startled can trigger agitation.
Answer
D · Approaching from the front with eye contact and a calm tone
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: D · Tell her where the food is and prompt her to look to the left
Why this is the answer
Some residents after a stroke neglect one side of their body and surroundings. Reminding them to turn the head and scan that side, or turning the plate, helps them eat. The care plan describes the approach.
Answer
D · Tell her where the food is and prompt her to look to the left
3.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: h = 140 cm
Household measures and weight: nursing exams use rounded equivalents: 1 teaspoon (tsp) = 5 mL, 1 tablespoon (tbsp) = 15 mL = 3 tsp, 1 fluid ounce (fl oz) = 30 mL = 2 tbsp, and 1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL. For weight, 1 kg = 2.2 lb and 1 lb = 16 oz; for length, 1 inch = 2.54 cm. Set the conversion up so that the unit you do not want cancels out.
Height in inches
4·12 + 7 = 55 in
Inches to centimetres
h = 55·2.54 = 139.7 ≈ 140 cm
Answer
h = 140 cm
4.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: V = 500 mL
Household measures and weight: nursing exams use rounded equivalents: 1 teaspoon (tsp) = 5 mL, 1 tablespoon (tbsp) = 15 mL = 3 tsp, 1 fluid ounce (fl oz) = 30 mL = 2 tbsp, and 1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL. For weight, 1 kg = 2.2 lb and 1 lb = 16 oz; for length, 1 inch = 2.54 cm. Set the conversion up so that the unit you do not want cancels out.
Each item in mL
1 cup = 1·240 = 240 mL
1 tsp = 1·5 = 5 mL
1 tbsp = 1·15 = 15 mL
8 fl oz = 8·30 = 240 mL
Add
V = 240 + 5 + 15 + 240 = 500 mL
Answer
V = 500 mL
This is independent practice material. ExamProblems is not affiliated with or endorsed by the organisation that runs this exam, and the exam name is used only to describe the content.