Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 8 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
Anchoring bias occurs when:
When older adults recall autobiographical memories, they recall a disproportionately large number from roughly ages 10 to 30. This is called:
Bowlby's "44 thieves" study linked early prolonged separation from the mother to:
Temperament research by Thomas and Chess classified infants into which three main groups?
Groupthink is most likely when a group:
Social identity theory (Tajfel and Turner) explains in-group favouritism mainly by:
Which personality disorder is marked by instability in relationships, self-image and emotions, together with marked impulsivity?
A 22-year-old has had hallucinations and delusions for two months, after which they fully resolve. No mood episode occurred. Which diagnosis fits best?
Answer: D · An initial number strongly influences a later estimate
In anchoring, people adjust insufficiently from an initial value, even an arbitrary one, when making numerical judgements.
Answer: B · The reminiscence bump
The reminiscence bump may reflect many novel, identity-forming experiences in adolescence and early adulthood that are well encoded and frequently rehearsed.
Answer: B · Affectionless psychopathy
Bowlby found that many affectionless thieves had experienced early maternal separation. The study was retrospective and correlational, so it cannot prove cause.
Answer: A · Easy, difficult and slow-to-warm-up
The New York Longitudinal Study described easy, difficult and slow-to-warm-up temperaments; some infants did not fit any group.
Answer: B · Is highly cohesive, isolated and led by a directive leader
Janis described groupthink as a drive for consensus that suppresses dissent, typical of cohesive, isolated groups under pressure with a strong leader.
Answer: A · People's need to maintain positive self-esteem through group membership
People derive self-esteem from the groups they belong to, so they compare their groups favourably with out-groups, even without real conflict.
Answer: B · Borderline personality disorder
Borderline personality disorder involves unstable relationships and identity, affective instability, fear of abandonment, impulsivity and recurrent self-harm. DBT is a well-supported treatment.
Answer: B · Schizophreniform disorder
Schizophreniform disorder has the symptoms of schizophrenia but lasts between one and six months. Duration is the main feature separating it from brief psychotic disorder and schizophrenia.
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