Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 8 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
Which feature is typical of an automatic process, such as reading a familiar word?
Participants held a hand in painfully cold water for 60 seconds in one trial, and in another for 60 seconds plus 30 more seconds at a slightly warmer temperature. Most chose to repeat the longer trial. Why?
A 3-year-old hears a new word once, "This is the chromium tray", and later picks out the correct tray. This is called:
The concept of "internal working model" in attachment theory refers to:
In Asch's impression studies, changing one word in a list of traits from "warm" to "cold" greatly changed the overall impression. This suggests "warm" is a:
The Implicit Association Test (IAT) measures attitudes by:
A patient feels intense anxiety about having a serious illness despite having few or no bodily symptoms and repeated normal tests. Which diagnosis fits best?
A client's binge eating occurs at least once a week for three months, with loss of control and distress, but no vomiting, laxatives or excessive exercise. Which diagnosis fits?
Answer: D · It is fast and hard to stop once started
Automatic processes are fast, effortless, need little attention and are difficult to suppress. Controlled processes are slow, effortful and flexible.
Answer: A · Memory of pain followed the peak and the end, not duration
Retrospective evaluations follow the peak-end rule: the milder ending made the longer trial seem less unpleasant overall, even though it contained more total pain.
Answer: B · Fast mapping
Fast mapping is the ability to form an initial idea of a word's meaning after only one or a few exposures. It helps explain the vocabulary spurt.
Answer: A · A mental representation of relationships based on early attachment experiences
Bowlby proposed that early attachment creates internal models of the self and others that guide expectations and behaviour in later relationships.
Answer: A · Central trait
Central traits such as warm and cold shape how other traits are interpreted, while peripheral traits have little effect on the overall impression.
Answer: B · Reaction times when pairing concepts with evaluative words
The IAT compares response times for categorisation tasks; faster responses for some pairings are taken to indicate stronger automatic associations. Its predictive validity for behaviour is debated.
Answer: D · Illness anxiety disorder
Illness anxiety disorder involves preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness with minimal somatic symptoms. Somatic symptom disorder centres on distressing symptoms and excessive thoughts about them.
Answer: D · Binge-eating disorder
Binge-eating disorder involves recurrent binges with distress but without regular compensatory behaviour. Bulimia requires compensatory behaviour, and anorexia requires significantly low weight.
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