Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 8 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
People verify "A robin is a bird" faster than "A penguin is a bird". This finding supports:
Evidence that short-term and long-term memory are separate stores comes from patients who:
Someone argues that Heinz should steal the drug because the right to life is more important than any property law. This reasoning is:
Which finding challenges the idea that attachment forms only with the mother?
Groupthink is most likely when a group:
An older couple has deep closeness and a firm commitment, but little passion left. In Sternberg's theory this is:
Which statement about the monoamine hypothesis of depression is most accurate?
In Seligman's later reformulation of learned helplessness (Abramson, Seligman and Teasdale), depression is most likely when people attribute negative events to causes that are:
Answer: D · Prototype theory and graded category membership
The typicality effect shows that category membership is graded. Items close to the prototype are classified faster, which the classical definitional view cannot explain.
Answer: B · Have impaired long-term learning but normal digit span, and others with the opposite pattern
H.M. had normal short-term memory but could not form new long-term memories, while patient K.F. had poor short-term verbal memory but intact long-term learning: a double dissociation.
Answer: C · Post-conventional
Post-conventional reasoning bases morality on social contracts and universal ethical principles, which can justify breaking a law that conflicts with them.
Answer: A · Schaffer and Emerson found many infants form multiple attachments, including to fathers
Schaffer and Emerson (1964) found that by 18 months most infants had multiple attachments, and the primary one was not always the mother or the person who fed them.
Answer: A · Is highly cohesive, isolated and led by a directive leader
Janis described groupthink as a drive for consensus that suppresses dissent, typical of cohesive, isolated groups under pressure with a strong leader.
Answer: C · Companionate love
Companionate love combines intimacy and commitment. Consummate love has all three components, romantic love is intimacy plus passion, and empty love is commitment alone.
Answer: D · It links depression to low monoamine activity but struggles to explain the delayed drug response
The hypothesis grew from the effects of drugs on monoamines. The delay of several weeks before benefit suggests that downstream changes, such as receptor adaptation, matter too.
Answer: D · Internal, stable and global
The attributional reformulation proposed that a depressive attributional style explains bad events by internal, stable and global causes, which leads to hopelessness.
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