Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 6 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
When should an Rh-negative woman with no anti-D antibodies routinely receive antenatal anti-D immunoglobulin?
A woman has just been diagnosed with gestational diabetes at 26 weeks. What is the usual first step in management?
A vial contains 500 mg of powder. The label says: add 4.6 mL of water for injection to give a total volume of 5 mL. The prescription is 300 mg. What volume V of the reconstituted solution do you give?
A child weighing 8 kg is prescribed 12.5 mg/kg per dose of an oral suspension that contains 40 mg in 1 mL. What volume V do you give?
Infuse 500 mL over 5 hours with a giving set of 60 gtt/mL. Find the drip rate R in drops per minute.
A drip runs at 50 gtt/min through a set of 15 gtt/mL. There are 400 mL left in the bag. How many hours t until it is empty?
Answer: D · At about 28 weeks of pregnancy
Routine antenatal anti-D around 28 weeks, in a single or split dose depending on the programme, protects against sensitisation from silent fetomaternal bleeds. It is given again after birth if the baby is Rh-positive.
Answer: C · Nutrition advice, physical activity and blood glucose monitoring, with medication if targets are not met
First-line management is medical nutrition therapy, activity and self-monitoring of glucose. If targets are not met, medication such as insulin is added. Glucose is tested again after birth because the risk of type 2 diabetes is raised.
Answer: V = 3 mL
Dose calculation: the amount to give equals what is prescribed divided by what you have, times the quantity it comes in: amount = (desired dose/stock strength) × stock volume. Always keep the units the same (convert g to mg, mg to mcg first) and check that the answer is sensible.
Answer: V = 2.5 mL
Dose calculation: the amount to give equals what is prescribed divided by what you have, times the quantity it comes in: amount = (desired dose/stock strength) × stock volume. Always keep the units the same (convert g to mg, mg to mcg first) and check that the answer is sensible.
Answer: R = 100 gtt/min
Infusion rates: a pump is set in mL/h = volume/time in hours. A gravity drip is counted in drops per minute: gtt/min = volume (mL) × drop factor (gtt/mL)/time (min). The drop factor is printed on the tubing package: macrodrip sets deliver 10, 15 or 20 gtt/mL (blood sets often 10 gtt/mL in the US, 15 in the UK) and microdrip sets 60 gtt/mL. Always use the drop factor the question or package gives.
Answer: t = 2 h
Infusion rates: a pump is set in mL/h = volume/time in hours. A gravity drip is counted in drops per minute: gtt/min = volume (mL) × drop factor (gtt/mL)/time (min). The drop factor is printed on the tubing package: macrodrip sets deliver 10, 15 or 20 gtt/mL (blood sets often 10 gtt/mL in the US, 15 in the UK) and microdrip sets 60 gtt/mL. Always use the drop factor the question or package gives.
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