Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 16 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
“Some people think that only children need vaccines. In fact, adults also need some vaccines, such as boosters for tetanus and a yearly flu vaccine.” What is the main point?
“Ms. Lee’s plants on the sunny windowsill grew tall and green. The same plants in the dark corner stayed small and turned yellow.” What conclusion is best supported?
A triangle has a base of 5 cm and a height of 4 cm. What is its area A?
A recipe says to bake at 230 °C. What is that temperature T in degrees Fahrenheit?
Which artery is most commonly used to feel the pulse at the wrist?
When a patient stands on the right leg only, the left side of the pelvis drops (positive Trendelenburg sign). Which nerve is most likely damaged?
Where is the heart's natural pacemaker?
Why does ketoacidosis typically develop in untreated type 1 diabetes but rarely in type 2?
Why can small nonpolar molecules cross the cell membrane easily while ions cannot?
Two genes lie very close together on the same chromosome. In a test cross, most offspring look like the parents instead of the expected 1:1:1:1 ratio. Why?
When two monomers join to form a larger molecule and a water molecule is released, what is the reaction called?
Why is incomplete combustion of fuel in a poorly ventilated room dangerous?
Which sentence punctuates the date correctly in American style?
Choose the correct verb: “If I ___ the answer, I would tell you.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient was unable to void after surgery.”
Choose the word that best completes the sentence: “The disease was found on a routine check because the patient was ___ and felt perfectly well.”
Answer: B · Adults need some vaccines too.
The passage corrects the idea that only children need vaccines by giving examples of vaccines adults need.
Answer: D · These plants need light to grow well.
The only difference given is light, and the plants in sunlight grew better, so the plants need light to grow well.
Answer: A = 10 cm²
Perimeter, area and volume: the perimeter is the distance around a shape (rectangle: 2l + 2w). Area is measured in square units: rectangle l × w, triangle ½ × base × height, circle π·r². The circumference of a circle is π·d = 2π·r. Volume is in cubic units: box l × w × h, cylinder π·r²·h. Use the value of π the question gives.
Answer: T = 446 °F
Temperature scales: °F = °C × 9/5 + 32 and °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9. A temperature change converts without the 32, because the 32 only shifts the zero point: a change of 1 °C is a change of 1.8 °F.
Answer: C · Radial artery
The radial artery lies superficially on the thumb side of the wrist, against the radius, which makes the pulse easy to feel.
Answer: A · Right superior gluteal nerve
The superior gluteal nerve supplies gluteus medius and minimus. If those of the standing (right) leg are weak, the pelvis sags on the opposite, unsupported side.
Answer: B · Sinoatrial node
The SA node depolarises spontaneously at the fastest rate and sets the heart rhythm. The AV node delays the impulse before it spreads to the ventricles.
Answer: B · Even low insulin levels suppress lipolysis and ketogenesis
Insulin strongly inhibits lipolysis and hepatic ketone production. In type 1 there is almost no insulin, so fatty acids flood the liver and ketones build up.
Answer: D · The bilayer's core is made of hydrophobic tails
The core of the membrane is formed by water-fearing (hydrophobic) fatty acid tails. Nonpolar molecules dissolve in it and pass through, but charged ions are repelled and need channel or carrier proteins.
Answer: D · The genes are linked and are rarely separated by crossing over
Independent assortment applies to genes on different chromosomes. Linked genes are inherited together unless crossing over separates them, and the closer they are, the less often this happens.
Answer: D · Condensation (dehydration synthesis)
In condensation (dehydration synthesis), an –H from one monomer and an –OH from the other leave as water, forming a new bond. This is how proteins, starch and fats are built.
Answer: C · It produces carbon monoxide, which binds to haemoglobin and blocks oxygen transport
With limited oxygen, fuels form carbon monoxide (CO) instead of CO₂. CO binds to haemoglobin far more strongly than oxygen, so less oxygen reaches the tissues. It is colourless and odourless.
Answer: C · The clinic opened on June 4, 2019, in a small town.
In American style a comma separates the day from the year, and a second comma follows the year when the sentence continues. British style usually writes 4 June 2019, with no commas.
Answer: B · knew
An unreal present condition uses the past tense in the if-clause and “would” + base verb in the main clause: “If I knew, I would tell you.”
Answer: A · Pass urine
To void means to urinate (empty the bladder).
Answer: A · asymptomatic
Asymptomatic means showing no symptoms, which is why routine screening can find hidden disease.
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