संक्रमण नियंत्रण और रोगी सुरक्षा: क्रैम पैक

Why must visible dirt be removed from equipment before it is disinfected?

1. AOrganic matter can shield organisms and weaken the disinfectant
2. BDirt makes the disinfectant react and work too strongly on the surface
3. CDisinfectants only work on wet surfaces
4. DCleaning first is only needed for metal items

The fire alarm sounds, but the nurse does not know where the fire is. What should the nurse do?

1. ALeave the unit and the building to find out where the fire is
2. BClose the doors to patient rooms, stay on the unit and wait for instructions
3. COpen all doors so patients can be seen easily
4. DEvacuate all patients down the stairs at once, starting with those in bed

A goal states: "The patient will report pain of 3/10 or less within one hour of analgesia." After one hour the patient reports 6/10. What should the nurse do?

1. AWait until the next day to evaluate again
2. BRecord the goal as not met and review the plan
3. CRecord the goal as met, as the pain has gone down
4. DChange the goal to 6/10 or less so that it counts as met

A patient taking furosemide has a serum potassium of 3.0 mmol/L (3.0 mEq/L). Why is this important?

1. AThe level is normal and needs no action
2. BLoop diuretics cause potassium loss, and low levels can cause arrhythmias
3. CFurosemide raises potassium, so this level is falsely low and can be ignored
4. DLow potassium only causes mild thirst

बैक्टीरियल वृद्धि वक्र के किस चरण में कोशिकाएँ अपनी सबसे तेज़ स्थिर दर से विभाजित होती हैं?

1. Aस्थिर (पठार) चरण
2. Bलॉग (घातांकी) चरण
3. Cलैग (अनुकूलन) चरण
4. Dमृत्यु चरण

HIV जैसे रेट्रोवायरस अपने जीनोम को मेज़बान के DNA में कैसे कॉपी करते हैं?

1. Aवायरल DNA को मेज़बान का RNA पॉलिमरेज़ सीधे कॉपी करता है
2. Bमेज़बान का DNA पॉलिमरेज़ बिना सहायता के RNA कॉपी करता है
3. Cराइबोसोम वायरल RNA को DNA में अनुवादित करते हैं
4. Dरिवर्स ट्रांसक्रिप्टेज़ वायरल RNA से DNA बनाता है और इंटीग्रेज़ उसे जोड़ता है