Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.
2Soal latihan
1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang
The nurse notices that she is spending much longer with one patient than with the others and feels she is the only one who can help him. What does this most likely indicate?
AAn ideal therapeutic relationship
BPossible boundary problems that she should discuss in supervision
CThat the patient needs to be transferred to another unit
DTransference by the patient towards the nurse, which is never the nurse's concern
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit
The family of a patient with schizophrenia asks how they can tell if he is becoming unwell again. Which signs should the nurse teach them to watch for?
AMild dry mouth in the first week of a new medicine
BPoor sleep, withdrawal from others and increasing suspiciousness
CA better appetite and more interest in his hobbies
DTalking more openly with his family about his feelings and his plans for the future
3.Psikologi klinisSedang
Aktivasi perilaku (behavioural activation) mengobati depresi terutama dengan:
AMemaparkan orang pada sensasi tubuh yang ditakuti secara bertahap
BMenjelajahi konflik masa kanak-kanak secara mendetail
CMeresepkan masa istirahat total
DMeningkatkan keterlibatan dalam aktivitas yang memberi imbalan dan bernilai
4.Psikologi klinisSulit
Studi "Little Albert" dari Watson dan Rayner sering dikutip sebagai bukti bahwa:
ARasa takut dapat diperoleh melalui pengondisian klasik
BRasa takut hanya dipelajari dengan mengamati orang lain
CFobia disebabkan oleh konflik bawah sadar yang direpresi
DFobia terutama diwariskan
5.FarmakologiSedang
Why is IV promethazine given with great caution?
AIt causes a severe rise in blood pressure when it is given intravenously
BIt can cause severe tissue injury if it leaks or enters an artery
CIt causes immediate kidney failure
DIt is a strong opioid that causes addiction
6.FarmakologiSulit
A breastfeeding mother needs a mild analgesic. Which drug is generally considered compatible with breastfeeding?
ACodeine (as co-codamol)
BAspirin
CParacetamol (acetaminophen)
DPethidine (meperidine)
3Larutan
1.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: B · Possible boundary problems that she should discuss in supervision
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Feeling special or indispensable to one patient, and giving them extra time, are warning signs of over-involvement. Discussing this in clinical supervision helps the nurse keep a therapeutic relationship.
Jawaban
B · Possible boundary problems that she should discuss in supervision
2.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: B · Poor sleep, withdrawal from others and increasing suspiciousness
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Early warning signs of relapse include sleep disturbance, social withdrawal, irritability, suspiciousness and neglect of self-care. Recognising them early allows treatment to be reviewed before a full relapse.
Jawaban
B · Poor sleep, withdrawal from others and increasing suspiciousness
3.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: D · Meningkatkan keterlibatan dalam aktivitas yang memberi imbalan dan bernilai
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Aktivasi perilaku menjadwalkan aktivitas yang memberi kesenangan atau rasa mampu, sehingga memutus siklus penarikan diri dan penguatan yang rendah. Ini adalah penanganan depresi berbasis bukti.
Jawaban
D · Meningkatkan keterlibatan dalam aktivitas yang memberi imbalan dan bernilai
4.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: A · Rasa takut dapat diperoleh melalui pengondisian klasik
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Albert menjadi takut pada tikus putih setelah tikus itu berulang kali dipasangkan dengan suara keras, dan rasa takutnya menggeneralisasi ke objek serupa. Studi ini kini dikritik atas dasar etis dan metodologis.
Jawaban
A · Rasa takut dapat diperoleh melalui pengondisian klasik
5.Farmakologi
Jawaban: B · It can cause severe tissue injury if it leaks or enters an artery
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Promethazine is a vesicant. Deep intramuscular injection is the preferred parenteral route, and if given IV it is diluted, given slowly into a well-running large vein, and stopped at once if the patient reports burning or pain.
Jawaban
B · It can cause severe tissue injury if it leaks or enters an artery
6.Farmakologi
Jawaban: C · Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Paracetamol passes into milk in small amounts and is widely regarded as safe. Codeine can cause dangerous opioid levels in babies of ultra-rapid metaboliser mothers, aspirin carries a Reye's risk and pethidine's metabolite accumulates in infants.