Keperawatan Jiwa: paket kilat

Lembar rumus, langkah-langkah metode utama untuk setiap topik, dan 6 soal latihan, dengan pembahasan lengkap di bagian belakang.

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1Rumus dan metode

Keperawatan jiwa

Metode

  1. Tentukan apakah ada risiko yang mengancam saat ini: bunuh diri, kekerasan, kegawatan akibat obat, atau penyakit fisik.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan lebih dulu: observasi, singkirkan sarana yang berbahaya, lakukan deeskalasi, hentikan obat yang merugikan, minta bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, sampaikan kenyataan, hindari penghiburan palsu dan pertanyaan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.

2Soal latihan

1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang

Which item is part of a safety plan for a person experiencing domestic violence?

  1. AKeeping an emergency bag with documents, money and keys somewhere safe
  2. BKeeping all important documents in the shared house
  3. CTelling the abuser about plans to leave so that he can prepare
  4. DAvoiding contact with friends and support services so as not to provoke him
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit

A patient in alcohol withdrawal had a CIWA-Ar score of 8 four hours ago. It is now 22, and he is sweating heavily and very anxious. What should the nurse do?

  1. AReduce monitoring, because a higher score on this scale means that his withdrawal is improving
  2. BWait for the next routine score in four hours before deciding
  3. CGive the prescribed symptom-triggered benzodiazepine, increase monitoring and inform the prescriber
  4. DEncourage him to drink a large glass of wine to settle the symptoms
3.Psikologi klinisSedang

Skala validitas pada MMPI dirancang untuk mendeteksi:

  1. AKerusakan otak
  2. BTingkat inteligensi klien
  3. CJawaban yang tidak konsisten, dilebih-lebihkan, atau defensif
  4. DTerapi mana yang paling berhasil
4.Psikologi klinisSulit

Hipotesis dopamin skizofrenia didukung oleh pengamatan bahwa:

  1. AAntipsikotik meningkatkan aktivitas dopamin di jalur mesolimbik dan mengurangi gejala
  2. BZat yang meningkatkan dopamin, seperti amfetamin, dapat memicu gejala psikotik
  3. CHanya kadar serotonin yang memprediksi gejala
  4. DSemua pasien merespons antidepresan sama baiknya
5.FarmakologiSedang

How should oral potassium chloride tablets be taken?

  1. AOn an empty stomach with only a small sip of water, then lie down
  2. BWith food and plenty of water, swallowed whole if slow-release
  3. CLying down straight after the dose
  4. DCrushed and dissolved under the tongue
6.FarmakologiSulit

Which strategy is most effective at preventing errors with IV insulin infusions?

  1. AUsing insulin syringes to measure large IV volumes
  2. BAn independent double check and a smart pump with a drug library
  3. CWriting "U" for units on the order
  4. DPreparing insulin infusions in advance and leaving them unlabelled

3Larutan

1.Keperawatan jiwa

Jawaban: A · Keeping an emergency bag with documents, money and keys somewhere safe

Mengapa ini jawabannya

A safety plan includes an escape bag, important documents, a safe place to go, emergency numbers and a code word with trusted people. The time of leaving can be the most dangerous period.

Jawaban

A · Keeping an emergency bag with documents, money and keys somewhere safe
2.Keperawatan jiwa

Jawaban: C · Give the prescribed symptom-triggered benzodiazepine, increase monitoring and inform the prescriber

Mengapa ini jawabannya

A rising CIWA-Ar score shows worsening withdrawal. Symptom-triggered benzodiazepine treatment, closer observation and medical review help prevent seizures and delirium tremens.

Jawaban

C · Give the prescribed symptom-triggered benzodiazepine, increase monitoring and inform the prescriber
3.Psikologi klinis

Jawaban: C · Jawaban yang tidak konsisten, dilebih-lebihkan, atau defensif

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Skala validitas menandai jawaban acak, berpura-pura buruk (faking bad), atau berpura-pura baik (faking good), sehingga klinisi tahu apakah profil skala klinis dapat ditafsirkan.

Jawaban

C · Jawaban yang tidak konsisten, dilebih-lebihkan, atau defensif
4.Psikologi klinis

Jawaban: B · Zat yang meningkatkan dopamin, seperti amfetamin, dapat memicu gejala psikotik

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Amfetamin dapat memicu psikosis dan antipsikotik yang memblokir D2 mengurangi gejala positif. Gejala negatif kurang terjelaskan, sehingga hipotesis ini direvisi.

Jawaban

B · Zat yang meningkatkan dopamin, seperti amfetamin, dapat memicu gejala psikotik
5.Farmakologi

Jawaban: B · With food and plenty of water, swallowed whole if slow-release

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Oral potassium can cause nausea and, if a tablet lodges, ulceration of the oesophagus or gut. Taking it with food and plenty of water and staying upright reduces this; levels are monitored.

Jawaban

B · With food and plenty of water, swallowed whole if slow-release
6.Farmakologi

Jawaban: B · An independent double check and a smart pump with a drug library

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Independent double checks, standard concentrations and smart pumps with dose limits reduce insulin errors. "U" for units is avoided because it can be misread as a zero.

Jawaban

B · An independent double check and a smart pump with a drug library

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing