Keperawatan Jiwa: paket kilat

Lembar rumus, langkah-langkah metode utama untuk setiap topik, dan 6 soal latihan, dengan pembahasan lengkap di bagian belakang.

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1Rumus dan metode

Keperawatan jiwa

Metode

  1. Tentukan apakah ada risiko yang mengancam saat ini: bunuh diri, kekerasan, kegawatan akibat obat, atau penyakit fisik.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan lebih dulu: observasi, singkirkan sarana yang berbahaya, lakukan deeskalasi, hentikan obat yang merugikan, minta bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, sampaikan kenyataan, hindari penghiburan palsu dan pertanyaan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.

2Soal latihan

1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang

A patient says, "I feel like I'm dying inside." Which nurse response best uses the technique of exploring?

  1. A"Let's talk about something more cheerful."
  2. B"Tell me more about what that feeling is like for you."
  3. C"You shouldn't say things like that."
  4. D"Everyone feels that way sometimes."
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit

A man with schizophrenia who has been well for 2 years wants to stop his antipsychotic. Which approach best reflects recovery-oriented care?

  1. AAdvise him to stop it suddenly on his own and see what happens over the next month
  2. BTell him he must take it for life and refuse to discuss it
  3. CReport him to the police and his employer for non-adherence to treatment
  4. DDiscuss benefits and risks, decide together with the prescriber and agree a relapse plan
3.Psikologi klinisSedang

Model diatesis-stres mengusulkan bahwa gangguan mental muncul dari:

  1. AHanya gen
  2. BHanya pengasuhan yang buruk
  3. CKerentanan yang mendasari dikombinasikan dengan stres lingkungan
  4. DHanya stres
4.Psikologi klinisSulit

Seorang pria melaporkan lengan kirinya lumpuh setelah pertengkaran hebat, tetapi pemeriksaan neurologis menunjukkan temuan yang tidak sesuai dengan penyakit neurologis apa pun yang dikenal. Diagnosis DSM-5 mana yang paling mungkin?

  1. AGangguan gejala neurologis fungsional (gangguan konversi)
  2. BGangguan kecemasan penyakit
  3. CGangguan dismorfik tubuh
  4. DMalingering
5.FarmakologiSedang

Which statement about allopurinol is correct?

  1. AIt lowers uric acid over time and does not relieve the pain of an acute attack
  2. BIt increases uric acid production to flush out crystals
  3. CIt works within an hour to relieve joint pain
  4. DIt is taken only during an acute attack and stopped as soon as the pain settles
6.FarmakologiSulit

A patient receives high-dose IV aciclovir for herpes encephalitis. Which nursing action reduces the main risk to the kidneys?

  1. AKeep the patient well hydrated and give the infusion slowly
  2. BGive a loop diuretic before each dose
  3. CGive the infusion as a rapid push
  4. DRestrict oral and IV fluids to prevent brain swelling

3Larutan

1.Keperawatan jiwa

Jawaban: B · "Tell me more about what that feeling is like for you."

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Exploring asks the patient to describe an experience in more detail. Generalising, disapproving and changing the subject block the patient from talking.

Jawaban

B · "Tell me more about what that feeling is like for you."
2.Keperawatan jiwa

Jawaban: D · Discuss benefits and risks, decide together with the prescriber and agree a relapse plan

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Recovery-oriented care values the person's choices and shared decision-making. Any change is planned with the prescriber, often by tapering slowly, with clear early warning signs and a plan for what to do if they appear.

Jawaban

D · Discuss benefits and risks, decide together with the prescriber and agree a relapse plan
3.Psikologi klinis

Jawaban: C · Kerentanan yang mendasari dikombinasikan dengan stres lingkungan

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Menurut model ini, predisposisi (biologis atau psikologis) baru menimbulkan gangguan bila dipicu oleh stres yang cukup.

Jawaban

C · Kerentanan yang mendasari dikombinasikan dengan stres lingkungan
4.Psikologi klinis

Jawaban: A · Gangguan gejala neurologis fungsional (gangguan konversi)

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Gangguan gejala neurologis fungsional melibatkan gejala motorik atau sensorik yang tidak sesuai dengan kondisi neurologis yang dikenal. Diagnosis ini tidak memerlukan bukti penyebab psikologis atau bukti bahwa gejalanya dipalsukan.

Jawaban

A · Gangguan gejala neurologis fungsional (gangguan konversi)
5.Farmakologi

Jawaban: A · It lowers uric acid over time and does not relieve the pain of an acute attack

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Allopurinol reduces urate production and is taken daily to prevent attacks. Acute attacks are treated with NSAIDs, colchicine or corticosteroids, and a new rash on allopurinol must be reported.

Jawaban

A · It lowers uric acid over time and does not relieve the pain of an acute attack
6.Farmakologi

Jawaban: A · Keep the patient well hydrated and give the infusion slowly

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Aciclovir can crystallise in the tubules and cause acute kidney injury. Good hydration, slow infusion and monitoring of kidney function reduce this risk.

Jawaban

A · Keep the patient well hydrated and give the infusion slowly

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing