Keperawatan Jiwa: paket kilat

Lembar rumus, langkah-langkah metode utama untuk setiap topik, dan 6 soal latihan, dengan pembahasan lengkap di bagian belakang.

Soal baruKembali ke mata kuliah

Di jendela cetak, pilih “Simpan sebagai PDF” untuk menyimpan salinan di perangkat Anda.

1Rumus dan metode

Keperawatan jiwa

Metode

  1. Tentukan apakah ada risiko yang mengancam saat ini: bunuh diri, kekerasan, kegawatan akibat obat, atau penyakit fisik.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan lebih dulu: observasi, singkirkan sarana yang berbahaya, lakukan deeskalasi, hentikan obat yang merugikan, minta bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, sampaikan kenyataan, hindari penghiburan palsu dan pertanyaan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.

2Soal latihan

1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang

What must a patient be told for consent to a new psychotropic medicine to be valid?

  1. AThe expected benefits, the main risks and the alternatives, including no treatment
  2. BOnly the benefits, so that the patient is not frightened by the side effects
  3. COnly the name of the medicine and the time of day it will be given
  4. DNothing at all, because psychiatric patients cannot give consent
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit

A 76-year-old with no history of mental illness suddenly develops paranoid ideas and hallucinations. What is the most appropriate first step?

  1. ADiagnose late-onset schizophrenia and start an antipsychotic immediately
  2. BLook for medical causes, such as delirium, medicines, infection or a neurocognitive disorder
  3. CAssume it is normal ageing and take no action
  4. DAdmit him to a secure psychiatric ward straight away, without any physical examination or blood tests
3.Psikologi klinisSedang

Dalam model dua faktor fobia (Mowrer), bagaimana fobia dipertahankan?

  1. AMelalui hukuman dari orang lain terhadap perilaku mendekat, yang justru memperkuat rasa takut itu sendiri
  2. BMelalui penguatan positif ketakutan dengan hadiah
  3. CPenghindaran mengurangi kecemasan, sehingga penghindaran diperkuat secara negatif
  4. DKetakutan hanya dipelajari dengan mengamati orang lain
4.Psikologi klinisSulit

Seorang pria mengatakan bahwa seorang penyanyi terkenal diam-diam jatuh cinta kepadanya dan mengirim pesan rahasia melalui lagu-lagunya. Di luar itu, pikiran dan perilakunya normal, tanpa halusinasi. Diagnosis mana yang paling sesuai?

  1. AGangguan bipolar dengan mania
  2. BSkizofrenia, tipe paranoid
  3. CGangguan waham, tipe erotomanik
  4. DGangguan kepribadian narsistik
5.FarmakologiSedang

Which early signs suggest systemic toxicity from a local anaesthetic?

  1. AItchy rash and swelling only at the injection site
  2. BPinpoint pupils and slow, shallow breathing
  3. CNumbness around the mouth, metallic taste and tinnitus
  4. DHeavy sweating, salivation and diarrhoea
6.FarmakologiSulit

A woman with epilepsy who takes an antiepileptic drug plans to become pregnant. Which advice is standard?

  1. AStop all antiepileptic drugs straight away as soon as she stops contraception
  2. BNo change is needed, as antiepileptics carry no risk in pregnancy
  3. CAvoid folic acid because it lowers drug levels
  4. DTake folic acid before conception and seek specialist review of her medication

3Larutan

1.Keperawatan jiwa

Jawaban: A · The expected benefits, the main risks and the alternatives, including no treatment

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Valid consent requires that the patient has capacity, has enough information about benefits, risks and alternatives, and decides voluntarily. A mental illness does not automatically remove capacity.

Jawaban

A · The expected benefits, the main risks and the alternatives, including no treatment
2.Keperawatan jiwa

Jawaban: B · Look for medical causes, such as delirium, medicines, infection or a neurocognitive disorder

Mengapa ini jawabannya

New psychosis in an older adult needs a full medical work-up. Delirium, medicine effects, infections, metabolic problems, dementia and brain lesions are common causes.

Jawaban

B · Look for medical causes, such as delirium, medicines, infection or a neurocognitive disorder
3.Psikologi klinis

Jawaban: C · Penghindaran mengurangi kecemasan, sehingga penghindaran diperkuat secara negatif

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Ketakutan diperoleh melalui pengondisian klasik dan bertahan karena menghindari objek yang ditakuti mengurangi kecemasan, yang memperkuat penghindaran secara negatif.

Jawaban

C · Penghindaran mengurangi kecemasan, sehingga penghindaran diperkuat secara negatif
4.Psikologi klinis

Jawaban: C · Gangguan waham, tipe erotomanik

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Gangguan waham melibatkan satu atau lebih waham selama setidaknya sebulan tanpa memenuhi kriteria skizofrenia, dan fungsi tidak terganggu secara nyata selain wahamnya. Waham erotomanik menyangkut orang lain yang jatuh cinta kepada pasien.

Jawaban

C · Gangguan waham, tipe erotomanik
5.Farmakologi

Jawaban: C · Numbness around the mouth, metallic taste and tinnitus

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Local anaesthetic toxicity starts with central nervous system signs such as perioral numbness, metallic taste, tinnitus and agitation. It can progress to seizures, arrhythmias and cardiac arrest.

Jawaban

C · Numbness around the mouth, metallic taste and tinnitus
6.Farmakologi

Jawaban: D · Take folic acid before conception and seek specialist review of her medication

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Folic acid before and in early pregnancy reduces the risk of neural tube defects. Medication should be reviewed before conception, but drugs should not be stopped suddenly because uncontrolled seizures are also dangerous.

Jawaban

D · Take folic acid before conception and seek specialist review of her medication

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing