Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.
2Soal latihan
1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang
Which tool is widely used to screen for delirium at the bedside?
AThe Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS)
BThe CIWA-Ar
CThe CAGE questionnaire
DThe Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit
A man with gambling disorder has lost his savings and has large debts. He tells the nurse, "My family would be better off without me." What should the nurse do?
AFocus only on helping him create a budget
BAsk directly about suicidal thoughts and plans, and assess his risk
CReassure him that his family will forgive him
DChange the subject to his gambling triggers and how to avoid the betting shop
3.Psikologi klinisSedang
Menurut model kognitif panik dari Clark, serangan panik muncul dari:
AKurangnya aktivitas yang memberi imbalan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari
BKetakutan akan penilaian orang lain
CKonflik bawah sadar antara id dan superego mengenai dorongan terlarang
DSalah tafsir katastrofik terhadap sensasi tubuh yang normal
4.Psikologi klinisSulit
Seorang pasien skizofrenia diam tak bergerak dalam postur canggung selama berjam-jam dan melawan upaya untuk menggerakkannya. Klaster gejala apakah ini?
AKatatonia
BAlogia
CDiskinesia tardif
DSiar pikir (thought broadcasting)
5.FarmakologiSedang
Why is testing for HLA-B*15:02 recommended before carbamazepine in people of some Asian ancestries?
AIt greatly raises the risk of Stevens–Johnson syndrome
BThis gene variant makes carbamazepine ineffective
CThis gene variant causes carbamazepine to raise blood glucose
DThis gene variant speeds up the kidney excretion of carbamazepine
6.FarmakologiSulit
During an alteplase infusion for acute ischaemic stroke, the patient develops a sudden severe headache and her level of consciousness falls. What is the nurse's first action?
AStop the alteplase infusion and notify the provider urgently
BSlow the infusion to half the rate and recheck in 30 minutes
CGive paracetamol for the headache and continue the infusion
DGive a bolus of heparin to prevent a new clot
3Larutan
1.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: D · The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)
Mengapa ini jawabannya
The CAM checks for acute onset and fluctuating course, inattention, and either disorganised thinking or an altered level of consciousness. Other tools, such as the 4AT, are also used.
Jawaban
D · The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)
2.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: B · Ask directly about suicidal thoughts and plans, and assess his risk
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Gambling disorder is associated with a raised risk of suicide, especially with debt, shame and hopelessness. The statement is a warning sign that needs direct questions and risk assessment.
Jawaban
B · Ask directly about suicidal thoughts and plans, and assess his risk
3.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: D · Salah tafsir katastrofik terhadap sensasi tubuh yang normal
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Clark mengusulkan bahwa orang menafsirkan sensasi seperti palpitasi atau pusing sebagai tanda bencana yang akan segera terjadi, sehingga kecemasan dan sensasinya meningkat dan membentuk lingkaran setan.
Jawaban
D · Salah tafsir katastrofik terhadap sensasi tubuh yang normal
4.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: A · Katatonia
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Ciri katatonik meliputi stupor, posturing, fleksibilitas lilin (waxy flexibility), mutisme, dan negativisme. Dalam DSM-5, katatonia dapat terjadi bersama skizofrenia, gangguan suasana hati, atau kondisi medis.
Jawaban
A · Katatonia
5.Farmakologi
Jawaban: A · It greatly raises the risk of Stevens–Johnson syndrome
Mengapa ini jawabannya
The HLA-B*15:02 allele, common in parts of South-East Asia, is strongly linked to carbamazepine-induced Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Carriers are given a different drug.
Jawaban
A · It greatly raises the risk of Stevens–Johnson syndrome
6.Farmakologi
Jawaban: A · Stop the alteplase infusion and notify the provider urgently
Mengapa ini jawabannya
A sudden headache and neurological decline during thrombolysis suggest intracranial haemorrhage. The infusion is stopped at once and the provider is called for urgent assessment and imaging.
Jawaban
A · Stop the alteplase infusion and notify the provider urgently