Keperawatan Jiwa: paket kilat

Lembar rumus, langkah-langkah metode utama untuk setiap topik, dan 6 soal latihan, dengan pembahasan lengkap di bagian belakang.

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1Rumus dan metode

Keperawatan jiwa

Metode

  1. Tentukan apakah ada risiko yang mengancam saat ini: bunuh diri, kekerasan, kegawatan akibat obat, atau penyakit fisik.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan lebih dulu: observasi, singkirkan sarana yang berbahaya, lakukan deeskalasi, hentikan obat yang merugikan, minta bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, sampaikan kenyataan, hindari penghiburan palsu dan pertanyaan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.

2Soal latihan

1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang

A woman with advanced dementia keeps asking for her mother, who died many years ago. Which response is most appropriate?

  1. A"Please stop asking about her now and finish your lunch before it gets cold."
  2. B"You're thinking about your mother. Tell me about her."
  3. C"Your mother will visit you later this afternoon."
  4. D"Your mother died 30 years ago. You know that."
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit

A patient on daily methadone maintenance has had abdominal surgery. Which statement about his pain management is correct?

  1. AHis usual methadone should continue, and additional analgesia is usually needed for acute pain
  2. BHe should get no opioids at all, because of his history
  3. CHis methadone should be stopped while he is in hospital
  4. DHis usual methadone dose will fully control his post-operative pain, so no other analgesia should be given
3.Psikologi klinisSedang

Reliabilitas diagnosis mengacu pada:

  1. AApakah pasien menerima diagnosis
  2. BApakah diagnosis menggunakan tes medis
  3. CApakah klinisi yang berbeda sampai pada diagnosis yang sama untuk pasien yang sama
  4. DApakah diagnosis memprediksi dengan akurat perjalanan dan hasil penyakit
4.Psikologi klinisSulit

Seorang terapis berkata, "Daripada melawan pikiran 'Saya orang gagal', sadari saja itu hanya sebuah pikiran, dan bertindaklah sesuai hal yang penting bagi Anda." Terapi mana yang paling tepat diwakili ucapan ini?

  1. APsikoanalisis klasik
  2. BAcceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)
  3. CDesensitisasi sistematis
  4. DTerapi perilaku emotif rasional
5.FarmakologiSedang

A patient given haloperidol develops a sudden painful twisting of the neck and the eyes roll upward. Which drug is usually given?

  1. ADantrolene by mouth to relax the twisted neck muscles
  2. BNaloxone
  3. CAn anticholinergic such as benzatropine (benztropine)
  4. DA second dose of haloperidol
6.FarmakologiSulit

A postoperative patient using morphine PCA is very drowsy, hard to rouse and has a respiratory rate of 7 per minute. What should the nurse do first?

  1. ALet the patient sleep and recheck in one hour
  2. BStop the PCA, try to rouse the patient and give naloxone as per protocol
  3. CReduce the PCA dose and leave the pump running
  4. DEncourage the patient to press the button only when awake and in pain

3Larutan

1.Keperawatan jiwa

Jawaban: B · "You're thinking about your mother. Tell me about her."

Mengapa ini jawabannya

In advanced dementia, repeatedly correcting the facts can cause fresh grief each time. Validation responds to the feelings and need behind the words, such as comfort or security, without lying.

Jawaban

B · "You're thinking about your mother. Tell me about her."
2.Keperawatan jiwa

Jawaban: A · His usual methadone should continue, and additional analgesia is usually needed for acute pain

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Maintenance methadone prevents withdrawal but does not treat acute pain. Patients with opioid tolerance often need more analgesia than usual. Withholding pain relief is unsafe and unethical.

Jawaban

A · His usual methadone should continue, and additional analgesia is usually needed for acute pain
3.Psikologi klinis

Jawaban: C · Apakah klinisi yang berbeda sampai pada diagnosis yang sama untuk pasien yang sama

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Reliabilitas adalah konsistensi diagnosis antarklinisi atau dari waktu ke waktu. Validitas adalah apakah diagnosis mencerminkan kategori yang nyata dan bermakna.

Jawaban

C · Apakah klinisi yang berbeda sampai pada diagnosis yang sama untuk pasien yang sama
4.Psikologi klinis

Jawaban: B · Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)

Mengapa ini jawabannya

ACT (Hayes) memakai penerimaan, defusi kognitif, dan tindakan berbasis nilai. Berbeda dengan terapi kognitif tradisional, ACT tidak berusaha membantah isi pikiran.

Jawaban

B · Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)
5.Farmakologi

Jawaban: C · An anticholinergic such as benzatropine (benztropine)

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Acute dystonia is caused by dopamine blockade, which leaves acetylcholine activity relatively high. An IM or IV anticholinergic usually relieves it within minutes.

Jawaban

C · An anticholinergic such as benzatropine (benztropine)
6.Farmakologi

Jawaban: B · Stop the PCA, try to rouse the patient and give naloxone as per protocol

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Excessive sedation and a low respiratory rate signal opioid-induced respiratory depression. The opioid is stopped, the patient is stimulated and supported with oxygen, naloxone is given as per protocol and help is called.

Jawaban

B · Stop the PCA, try to rouse the patient and give naloxone as per protocol

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing