Keperawatan Jiwa: paket kilat

Lembar rumus, langkah-langkah metode utama untuk setiap topik, dan 6 soal latihan, dengan pembahasan lengkap di bagian belakang.

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1Rumus dan metode

Keperawatan jiwa

Metode

  1. Tentukan apakah ada risiko yang mengancam saat ini: bunuh diri, kekerasan, kegawatan akibat obat, atau penyakit fisik.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan lebih dulu: observasi, singkirkan sarana yang berbahaya, lakukan deeskalasi, hentikan obat yang merugikan, minta bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, sampaikan kenyataan, hindari penghiburan palsu dan pertanyaan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.

2Soal latihan

1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang

A 4-year-old asks when her grandmother, who died last week, will come back. How should the nurse explain this to the parents?

  1. AThe child does not care about her grandmother and has not been affected by the death
  2. BThe child is in denial and needs psychiatric treatment
  3. CThe child should not be told anything about the death until she is older
  4. DYoung children often do not yet see death as permanent, so simple, honest words help
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit

A nurse is teaching a patient who has started haloperidol for schizophrenia. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

  1. A"I can stop taking it as soon as the voices go away."
  2. B"I should tell the nurse if my neck or jaw muscles feel stiff."
  3. C"I'll avoid alcohol while I'm taking this medicine."
  4. D"I should get up slowly if I feel dizzy."
3.Psikologi klinisSedang

Penanganan mana yang dianjurkan sebagai lini pertama untuk insomnia kronis pada orang dewasa?

  1. APsikoanalisis
  2. BBenzodiazepin atau obat hipnotik lain setiap hari dalam jangka panjang
  3. CTerapi kognitif perilaku untuk insomnia (CBT-I)
  4. DTerapi elektrokonvulsif
4.Psikologi klinisSulit

Wawancara yang mengikuti serangkaian pertanyaan tetap dengan urutan tetap untuk mencapai diagnosis disebut:

  1. ATes proyektif
  2. BSesi asosiasi bebas
  3. CWawancara tidak terstruktur
  4. DWawancara klinis terstruktur
5.FarmakologiSedang

Which side effects are most common when starting gabapentin?

  1. ADrowsiness and dizziness
  2. BInsomnia and agitation
  3. CHair loss and weight loss
  4. DCough and runny nose
6.FarmakologiSulit

A patient on lisinopril for hypertension starts taking ibuprofen every day for knee pain. What is the main concern?

  1. AWeaker blood pressure control, kidney injury and high potassium
  2. BA higher risk of a dry cough than with lisinopril alone
  3. CFaster liver metabolism of lisinopril, so it stops working
  4. DA large fall in blood pressure, with fainting and falls on standing up

3Larutan

1.Keperawatan jiwa

Jawaban: D · Young children often do not yet see death as permanent, so simple, honest words help

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Preschool children often see death as temporary or reversible. Clear, simple language, such as "her body stopped working", and avoiding phrases like "gone to sleep" help the child understand.

Jawaban

D · Young children often do not yet see death as permanent, so simple, honest words help
2.Keperawatan jiwa

Jawaban: A · "I can stop taking it as soon as the voices go away."

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Antipsychotics are continued after symptoms improve, because stopping them early is a major cause of relapse. Any change should be discussed with the prescriber.

Jawaban

A · "I can stop taking it as soon as the voices go away."
3.Psikologi klinis

Jawaban: C · Terapi kognitif perilaku untuk insomnia (CBT-I)

Mengapa ini jawabannya

CBT-I menggabungkan pembatasan tidur, kontrol stimulus, higiene tidur, dan teknik kognitif. Efeknya bertahan lama dan dianjurkan sebelum obat hipnotik.

Jawaban

C · Terapi kognitif perilaku untuk insomnia (CBT-I)
4.Psikologi klinis

Jawaban: D · Wawancara klinis terstruktur

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Wawancara terstruktur seperti SCID mengajukan pertanyaan baku yang terkait dengan kriteria diagnostik, sehingga reliabilitasnya lebih tinggi daripada wawancara tidak terstruktur.

Jawaban

D · Wawancara klinis terstruktur
5.Farmakologi

Jawaban: A · Drowsiness and dizziness

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Gabapentin and pregabalin commonly cause sedation, dizziness and unsteadiness, which raise the risk of falls. They also increase sedation when combined with opioids.

Jawaban

A · Drowsiness and dizziness
6.Farmakologi

Jawaban: A · Weaker blood pressure control, kidney injury and high potassium

Mengapa ini jawabannya

NSAIDs block prostaglandins that dilate the afferent arteriole and promote sodium loss. With an ACE inhibitor this can reduce blood pressure control and cause kidney injury and hyperkalaemia, especially if a diuretic is also used.

Jawaban

A · Weaker blood pressure control, kidney injury and high potassium

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing