Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.
2Soal latihan
1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang
A patient on a mental health ward insists that he is a famous inventor whose ideas were stolen by the government. Which type of delusion is the main one here?
AErotomanic
BSomatic
CNihilistic
DGrandiose
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit
A woman with a severe intellectual disability and limited speech has started hitting her face and refusing food. What should the nurse consider first?
AThat she is trying to manipulate the staff
BThat the behaviour is part of her disability and needs no assessment
CA physical cause such as dental pain, an ear infection or constipation
DThat she needs an antipsychotic to control her behaviour
3.Psikologi klinisSedang
Wawancara motivasional terutama digunakan untuk membantu klien yang:
AMembutuhkan diagnosis formal untuk asuransi
BMerasa ambivalen untuk mengubah perilaku seperti minum alkohol
CTakut pada satu objek tertentu
DMengalami halusinasi yang memerlukan obat segera dan perawatan di rumah sakit
4.Psikologi klinisSulit
Seorang berusia 22 tahun mengalami halusinasi dan waham selama dua bulan, setelah itu gejalanya hilang sepenuhnya. Tidak terjadi episode suasana hati. Diagnosis mana yang paling sesuai?
AGangguan skizoafektif
BSkizofrenia
CGangguan psikotik singkat
DGangguan skizofreniform
5.FarmakologiSedang
Obat apa yang menjadi penawar overdosis opioid?
AAsetilsistein
BAtropin
CFlumazenil
DNalokson
6.FarmakologiSulit
A patient took a large paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 6 hours ago and feels well. Why is treatment still urgent?
ALiver damage appears 1–3 days later, and early treatment works best
BThe drug will cause kidney stones within a few hours
CThe patient is at risk of immediate respiratory arrest
DParacetamol overdose only causes harm if symptoms start in the first hour
3Larutan
1.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: D · Grandiose
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Grandiose delusions are false beliefs about one's own importance, power or identity. They may combine with persecutory themes, as here, but the central belief is about being exceptional.
Jawaban
D · Grandiose
2.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: C · A physical cause such as dental pain, an ear infection or constipation
Mengapa ini jawabannya
People with limited communication may show pain or illness through changes in behaviour. A thorough physical assessment comes before deciding the behaviour is psychiatric or behavioural.
Jawaban
C · A physical cause such as dental pain, an ear infection or constipation
3.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: B · Merasa ambivalen untuk mengubah perilaku seperti minum alkohol
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Wawancara motivasional (Miller dan Rollnick) adalah gaya kolaboratif yang menyelesaikan ambivalensi dan memperkuat motivasi klien sendiri untuk berubah, banyak dipakai dalam penanganan adiksi.
Jawaban
B · Merasa ambivalen untuk mengubah perilaku seperti minum alkohol
4.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: D · Gangguan skizofreniform
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Gangguan skizofreniform memiliki gejala skizofrenia tetapi berlangsung antara satu dan enam bulan. Durasi adalah ciri utama yang membedakannya dari gangguan psikotik singkat dan skizofrenia.
Jawaban
D · Gangguan skizofreniform
5.Farmakologi
Jawaban: D · Nalokson
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Nalokson membalikkan depresi napas akibat opioid. Flumazenil membalikkan benzodiazepin, asetilsistein mengobati overdosis parasetamol, dan atropin mengobati bradikardia atau keracunan organofosfat.
Jawaban
D · Nalokson
6.Farmakologi
Jawaban: A · Liver damage appears 1–3 days later, and early treatment works best
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Paracetamol overdose often causes few symptoms at first, while the toxic metabolite damages the liver. Liver injury peaks after about 3 days, so the decision to treat is based on the timed blood level, not on symptoms.
Jawaban
A · Liver damage appears 1–3 days later, and early treatment works best