Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.
2Soal latihan
1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang
What must a patient be told for consent to a new psychotropic medicine to be valid?
AOnly the benefits, so that the patient is not frightened by the side effects
BNothing at all, because psychiatric patients cannot give consent
COnly the name of the medicine and the time of day it will be given
DThe expected benefits, the main risks and the alternatives, including no treatment
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit
A 30-year-old who used cocaine an hour ago has crushing chest pain and sweating. What is the priority?
ALet him rest, because the pain will pass when the drug wears off
BGive him a benzodiazepine for the anxiety and send him home to rest once he feels calmer
CReassure him that young people do not have heart problems
DTreat it as a possible heart attack, with an urgent ECG and medical review
3.Psikologi klinisSedang
Dalam asesmen risiko bunuh diri, faktor mana yang termasuk prediktor terkuat percobaan bunuh diri di masa depan?
APercobaan bunuh diri sebelumnya
BMemiliki lingkaran pertemanan yang luas
CBerstatus mahasiswa
DBerbicara terbuka kepada terapis
4.Psikologi klinisSulit
Riset expressed emotion (emosi yang diekspresikan) melahirkan intervensi keluarga pada skizofrenia. Hasil mana yang paling konsisten diperbaiki oleh intervensi ini?
AAngka kekambuhan dan rawat inap ulang
BKebutuhan akan obat antipsikotik apa pun
CRisiko genetik saudara kandung
DSkor IQ pasien
5.FarmakologiSedang
Why is propranolol usually avoided in patients with asthma?
AIt stimulates alpha-1 receptors in the airways and raises blood pressure
BIt blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways and can cause bronchospasm
CIt causes tolerance to inhaled corticosteroids
DIt increases mucus production by blocking histamine
6.FarmakologiSulit
A patient taking hydralazine for several months develops joint pain, fever and a rash. Anti-histone antibodies are positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?
ARheumatoid arthritis
BGout
CAn acute viral infection
DDrug-induced lupus
3Larutan
1.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: D · The expected benefits, the main risks and the alternatives, including no treatment
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Valid consent requires that the patient has capacity, has enough information about benefits, risks and alternatives, and decides voluntarily. A mental illness does not automatically remove capacity.
Jawaban
D · The expected benefits, the main risks and the alternatives, including no treatment
2.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: D · Treat it as a possible heart attack, with an urgent ECG and medical review
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Cocaine can cause coronary vasospasm, myocardial infarction and arrhythmias, even in young people without heart disease. Chest pain after cocaine use needs urgent cardiac assessment.
Jawaban
D · Treat it as a possible heart attack, with an urgent ECG and medical review
3.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: A · Percobaan bunuh diri sebelumnya
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Riwayat percobaan bunuh diri termasuk faktor risiko terkuat. Bertanya langsung tentang pikiran bunuh diri tidak meningkatkan risiko dan merupakan bagian dari asesmen yang baik.
Jawaban
A · Percobaan bunuh diri sebelumnya
4.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: A · Angka kekambuhan dan rawat inap ulang
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Intervensi keluarga yang mengajarkan komunikasi dan pemecahan masalah serta mengurangi kritik menurunkan kekambuhan dan rawat inap ulang, biasanya bersama dengan obat.
Jawaban
A · Angka kekambuhan dan rawat inap ulang
5.Farmakologi
Jawaban: B · It blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways and can cause bronchospasm
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Non-selective beta blockers block both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. Blocking beta-2 receptors in the bronchi removes their relaxing effect and can trigger severe bronchospasm.
Jawaban
B · It blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways and can cause bronchospasm
6.Farmakologi
Jawaban: D · Drug-induced lupus
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Hydralazine and procainamide are classic causes of drug-induced lupus, especially in slow acetylators. Symptoms usually resolve after the drug is stopped.