Keperawatan Jiwa: paket kilat

Lembar rumus, langkah-langkah metode utama untuk setiap topik, dan 6 soal latihan, dengan pembahasan lengkap di bagian belakang.

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1Rumus dan metode

Keperawatan jiwa

Metode

  1. Tentukan apakah ada risiko yang mengancam saat ini: bunuh diri, kekerasan, kegawatan akibat obat, atau penyakit fisik.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan lebih dulu: observasi, singkirkan sarana yang berbahaya, lakukan deeskalasi, hentikan obat yang merugikan, minta bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, sampaikan kenyataan, hindari penghiburan palsu dan pertanyaan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.

2Soal latihan

1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang

A patient from a culture in which communication with ancestors is common says she sometimes hears her late grandmother giving advice. What is the most appropriate nursing approach?

  1. ATell her that her beliefs are not real
  2. BExplore the experience in her cultural context before calling it a symptom
  3. CRecord it immediately as a command hallucination
  4. DAvoid asking about it, because culture is not relevant to mental health
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit

A man with gambling disorder has lost his savings and has large debts. He tells the nurse, "My family would be better off without me." What should the nurse do?

  1. AChange the subject to his gambling triggers and how to avoid the betting shop
  2. BReassure him that his family will forgive him
  3. CAsk directly about suicidal thoughts and plans, and assess his risk
  4. DFocus only on helping him create a budget
3.Psikologi klinisSedang

Paparan dengan pencegahan respons adalah pengobatan psikologis utama untuk:

  1. AOCD
  2. BInsomnia
  3. CADHD
  4. DGangguan bipolar
4.Psikologi klinisSulit

Komorbiditas berarti:

  1. ASuatu gejala dimiliki semua orang dalam kelompok
  2. BSuatu gangguan menurun dalam keluarga
  3. CSuatu gangguan disebabkan oleh penyakit fisik yang terjadi pada waktu yang sama
  4. DSeseorang memenuhi kriteria dua gangguan atau lebih pada saat yang sama
5.FarmakologiSedang

After several years of levodopa treatment, which problem is common?

  1. ASevere hypoglycaemia after each dose
  2. BDyskinesias and "on–off" fluctuations in response
  3. CComplete and permanent loss of all Parkinson's symptoms
  4. DPermanent hearing loss
6.FarmakologiSulit

A patient taking carbimazole or methimazole (thiamazole) for Graves' disease reports a sore throat and fever. What should the nurse suspect and do?

  1. AThyroid storm; double the next dose of the drug
  2. BA common cold; advise rest and fluids and continue the drug as usual
  3. CAgranulocytosis; stop the drug and check the white cell count urgently
  4. DHypothyroidism; add levothyroxine at once

3Larutan

1.Keperawatan jiwa

Jawaban: B · Explore the experience in her cultural context before calling it a symptom

Mengapa ini jawabannya

A belief or experience that is accepted in the person's culture is not classed as a delusion or hallucination in itself. The nurse explores its meaning, how it is shared by others and whether it causes distress.

Jawaban

B · Explore the experience in her cultural context before calling it a symptom
2.Keperawatan jiwa

Jawaban: C · Ask directly about suicidal thoughts and plans, and assess his risk

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Gambling disorder is associated with a raised risk of suicide, especially with debt, shame and hopelessness. The statement is a warning sign that needs direct questions and risk assessment.

Jawaban

C · Ask directly about suicidal thoughts and plans, and assess his risk
3.Psikologi klinis

Jawaban: A · OCD

Mengapa ini jawabannya

ERP memaparkan pasien pada pemicu obsesi sambil mencegah kompulsi, sehingga kecemasan turun tanpa ritual.

Jawaban

A · OCD
4.Psikologi klinis

Jawaban: D · Seseorang memenuhi kriteria dua gangguan atau lebih pada saat yang sama

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Komorbiditas adalah munculnya beberapa gangguan pada orang yang sama; hal ini mempersulit diagnosis dan pengobatan serta menimbulkan pertanyaan tentang klasifikasi kategoris.

Jawaban

D · Seseorang memenuhi kriteria dua gangguan atau lebih pada saat yang sama
5.Farmakologi

Jawaban: B · Dyskinesias and "on–off" fluctuations in response

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Long-term levodopa use often leads to motor fluctuations, with periods of good control and periods of stiffness, and to dyskinesias at peak dose. Dose timing and add-on drugs are adjusted to manage this.

Jawaban

B · Dyskinesias and "on–off" fluctuations in response
6.Farmakologi

Jawaban: C · Agranulocytosis; stop the drug and check the white cell count urgently

Mengapa ini jawabannya

Thionamides can cause agranulocytosis, which leaves the patient unable to fight infection. Sore throat, fever or mouth ulcers need an urgent full blood count, and the drug is stopped while waiting.

Jawaban

C · Agranulocytosis; stop the drug and check the white cell count urgently

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing