Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.
2Soal latihan
1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang
When is the risk of suicide particularly high for patients after psychiatric inpatient care?
AIn the first weeks after discharge
BOnly while the patient is asleep in hospital
CThere is no change in risk after discharge
DOnly after one year at home
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit
An 81-year-old woman's memory has slowly worsened over 2 years. She repeats questions and gets lost in familiar places, but she is alert and her attention is normal. Which condition is most likely?
ANormal ageing with mild forgetfulness
BA neurocognitive disorder such as Alzheimer's disease
CDelirium
DBrief psychotic disorder in later life
3.Psikologi klinisSedang
Dalam model kognitif depresi Beck, "triad kognitif" terdiri atas pandangan negatif tentang:
ATubuh, pikiran, dan jiwa
BDiri sendiri, dunia, dan masa depan
COrang tua, teman, dan guru
DHanya masa lalu, masa kini, dan masa depan seseorang
4.Psikologi klinisSulit
Seorang pasien lansia menjadi bingung dalam dua hari setelah mulai memakai obat baru, dengan atensi yang berubah-ubah sepanjang hari. Putrinya mengatakan ingatannya normal minggu lalu. Apa interpretasi yang paling tepat?
APenyakit Alzheimer tahap awal, yang memerlukan rujukan ke klinik memori
BDelirium, yang memerlukan pencarian penyebab fisik atau obat
CSkizofrenia awitan lambat
DPenuaan normal
5.FarmakologiSedang
A patient with a fentanyl patch is given home-care advice. Which instruction is correct?
ACut the patch in half if the pain is mild
BThrow used patches loose into the household bin with the packaging
CAvoid heating pads, hot baths and saunas over or near the patch
DApply each new patch over the same skin area
6.FarmakologiSulit
Which finding most favours serotonin syndrome over neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
ASlow onset over days with lead-pipe rigidity
BRapid onset with hyperreflexia and clonus
CA very high creatine kinase
DRecent start of an antipsychotic drug
3Larutan
1.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: A · In the first weeks after discharge
Mengapa ini jawabannya
The period shortly after discharge carries a high risk of suicide. Early follow-up, a safety plan and clear crisis contacts help bridge the transition.
Jawaban
A · In the first weeks after discharge
2.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: B · A neurocognitive disorder such as Alzheimer's disease
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Gradual, progressive memory loss with impaired daily functioning and normal alertness suggests dementia, most commonly Alzheimer's disease. Delirium is acute and fluctuating with impaired attention.
Jawaban
B · A neurocognitive disorder such as Alzheimer's disease
3.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: B · Diri sendiri, dunia, dan masa depan
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Beck mengusulkan bahwa orang yang depresi memiliki pandangan negatif tentang diri sendiri, dunia (atau pengalamannya), dan masa depan, yang dipertahankan oleh distorsi kognitif.
Jawaban
B · Diri sendiri, dunia, dan masa depan
4.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: B · Delirium, yang memerlukan pencarian penyebab fisik atau obat
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Awitan akut dengan atensi yang berfluktuasi mengarah ke delirium, suatu kegawatan medis dengan penyebab seperti obat, infeksi, atau dehidrasi. Demensia berkembang bertahap selama berbulan-bulan sampai bertahun-tahun.
Jawaban
B · Delirium, yang memerlukan pencarian penyebab fisik atau obat
5.Farmakologi
Jawaban: C · Avoid heating pads, hot baths and saunas over or near the patch
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Heat increases fentanyl absorption and can cause overdose. Sites are rotated, patches are never cut, and used patches are folded sticky sides together and disposed of safely, away from children and pets.
Jawaban
C · Avoid heating pads, hot baths and saunas over or near the patch
6.Farmakologi
Jawaban: B · Rapid onset with hyperreflexia and clonus
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Serotonin syndrome develops within hours of a serotonergic drug and causes clonus, hyperreflexia, agitation, dilated pupils and diarrhoea. NMS develops over days after a dopamine antagonist, with lead-pipe rigidity and slow reflexes.