Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.
2Soal latihan
1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang
Under the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (England and Wales), a person lacks capacity for a decision if they cannot do which of the following?
AUnderstand, retain and weigh the information, or communicate their decision
BAgree with the decision that the doctor and the rest of the healthcare team recommend for them
CRemember the decision for more than a year afterwards
DRead and write in the language used by the staff
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit
An 82-year-old started amitriptyline last week. Which finding is most concerning?
AFeeling a little drowsy in the evening
BA slightly dry mouth
CNew confusion and difficulty passing urine
DMild constipation that responds to extra fluids and fibre in the diet
3.Psikologi klinisSedang
Seseorang mengalami gejala yang menekan, dimulai dua minggu setelah kecelakaan mobil serius dan telah berlangsung sepuluh hari. Diagnosis mana yang paling tepat?
AGangguan kecemasan menyeluruh
BGangguan penyesuaian
CGangguan stres akut
DGangguan stres pascatrauma
4.Psikologi klinisSulit
Makan berlebihan (binge) pada seorang klien terjadi setidaknya seminggu sekali selama tiga bulan, dengan kehilangan kendali dan tekanan, tetapi tanpa muntah, laksatif, atau olahraga berlebihan. Diagnosis mana yang sesuai?
Which rule applies to intravenous potassium chloride?
AIt is mixed into blood products to save time
BIt may be given intramuscularly if there is no IV access
CIt is given as a rapid IV push to correct low levels quickly
DIt must be diluted and given as an infusion, never as an IV push
6.FarmakologiSulit
A woman with epilepsy who takes an antiepileptic drug plans to become pregnant. Which advice is standard?
AStop all antiepileptic drugs straight away as soon as she stops contraception
BNo change is needed, as antiepileptics carry no risk in pregnancy
CAvoid folic acid because it lowers drug levels
DTake folic acid before conception and seek specialist review of her medication
3Larutan
1.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: A · Understand, retain and weigh the information, or communicate their decision
Mengapa ini jawabannya
The Act's functional test asks whether the person can understand, retain, use or weigh the information, and communicate a decision. Making an unwise decision does not by itself mean a person lacks capacity.
Jawaban
A · Understand, retain and weigh the information, or communicate their decision
2.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: C · New confusion and difficulty passing urine
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Tricyclic antidepressants have strong anticholinergic effects. In older adults these can cause urinary retention, delirium and falls, which need prompt review.
Jawaban
C · New confusion and difficulty passing urine
3.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: C · Gangguan stres akut
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Gangguan stres akut mencakup gejala trauma yang berlangsung tiga hari sampai satu bulan setelah peristiwa. Jika gejala menetap lebih dari sebulan, PTSD dapat didiagnosis.
Jawaban
C · Gangguan stres akut
4.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: D · Gangguan makan berlebihan (binge-eating disorder)
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Gangguan makan berlebihan melibatkan episode binge berulang dengan tekanan tetapi tanpa perilaku kompensasi yang rutin. Bulimia mensyaratkan perilaku kompensasi, dan anoreksia mensyaratkan berat badan yang sangat rendah.
Jawaban
D · Gangguan makan berlebihan (binge-eating disorder)
5.Farmakologi
Jawaban: D · It must be diluted and given as an infusion, never as an IV push
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Concentrated potassium given as a bolus can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias. It is always diluted and given at a controlled rate, usually with an infusion pump.
Jawaban
D · It must be diluted and given as an infusion, never as an IV push
6.Farmakologi
Jawaban: D · Take folic acid before conception and seek specialist review of her medication
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Folic acid before and in early pregnancy reduces the risk of neural tube defects. Medication should be reviewed before conception, but drugs should not be stopped suddenly because uncontrolled seizures are also dangerous.
Jawaban
D · Take folic acid before conception and seek specialist review of her medication