Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.
2Soal latihan
1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang
In the termination phase of the nurse–patient relationship, which behaviour is common and should be expected?
AThe patient asks for the relationship to start again from the beginning
BThe patient always feels relieved and shows no feelings
CThe patient may show anger, sadness or a return of earlier symptoms
DThe patient finally begins to share their problems for the first time
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit
A patient on daily methadone maintenance has had abdominal surgery. Which statement about his pain management is correct?
AHis usual methadone should continue, and additional analgesia is usually needed for acute pain
BHis usual methadone dose will fully control his post-operative pain, so no other analgesia should be given
CHis methadone should be stopped while he is in hospital
DHe should get no opioids at all, because of his history
3.Psikologi klinisSedang
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) meningkatkan serotonin di sinaps dengan cara:
AMenghancurkan reseptor serotonin
BMempercepat pemecahan serotonin oleh enzim monoamin oksidase
CMenghambat pelepasan dopamin
DMenghambat pengambilan kembali serotonin ke neuron prasinaps
4.Psikologi klinisSulit
Makan berlebihan (binge) pada seorang klien terjadi setidaknya seminggu sekali selama tiga bulan, dengan kehilangan kendali dan tekanan, tetapi tanpa muntah, laksatif, atau olahraga berlebihan. Diagnosis mana yang sesuai?
Which lab tests are monitored in a patient taking carbamazepine?
AFull blood count and serum sodium
BSerum amylase and lipase
CThyroid antibodies and cortisol
DINR and aPTT
6.FarmakologiSulit
A patient receiving cisplatin is given large volumes of IV fluid before and after each dose. What is the main purpose?
ATo prevent hair loss
BTo prevent bleeding
CTo increase drug absorption from the gut
DTo reduce kidney damage
3Larutan
1.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: C · The patient may show anger, sadness or a return of earlier symptoms
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Ending a relationship can trigger feelings of loss, so regression, anger or sadness are common. The nurse prepares the patient for the ending from the start and helps them talk about these feelings.
Jawaban
C · The patient may show anger, sadness or a return of earlier symptoms
2.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: A · His usual methadone should continue, and additional analgesia is usually needed for acute pain
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Maintenance methadone prevents withdrawal but does not treat acute pain. Patients with opioid tolerance often need more analgesia than usual. Withholding pain relief is unsafe and unethical.
Jawaban
A · His usual methadone should continue, and additional analgesia is usually needed for acute pain
3.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: D · Menghambat pengambilan kembali serotonin ke neuron prasinaps
Mengapa ini jawabannya
SSRI menghambat transporter serotonin sehingga serotonin bertahan lebih lama di celah sinaps. Efek klinis biasanya memerlukan beberapa minggu.
Jawaban
D · Menghambat pengambilan kembali serotonin ke neuron prasinaps
4.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: D · Gangguan makan berlebihan (binge-eating disorder)
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Gangguan makan berlebihan melibatkan episode binge berulang dengan tekanan tetapi tanpa perilaku kompensasi yang rutin. Bulimia mensyaratkan perilaku kompensasi, dan anoreksia mensyaratkan berat badan yang sangat rendah.
Jawaban
D · Gangguan makan berlebihan (binge-eating disorder)
5.Farmakologi
Jawaban: A · Full blood count and serum sodium
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Carbamazepine can rarely cause bone marrow suppression and commonly lowers serum sodium. Blood counts, sodium and liver tests are checked, especially early in treatment.
Jawaban
A · Full blood count and serum sodium
6.Farmakologi
Jawaban: D · To reduce kidney damage
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Cisplatin is nephrotoxic, and hydration helps protect the kidneys. It also causes ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, severe nausea and low magnesium.