Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

Which nursing record entry is the best example of objective documentation?

1. A"Ate half of lunch; drank 200 mL of water."
2. B"Ate well, as usual."
3. C"Seemed to enjoy the meal."
4. D"Had a good appetite today and enjoyed lunch."

Skor NEWS2 pasien tiba-tiba naik dari 1 menjadi 7. Apa respons yang tepat?

1. ARespons segera atau darurat dengan peninjauan klinis langsung oleh tenaga senior
2. BMemeriksa ulang tanda vital besok pagi
3. CMelanjutkan observasi setiap empat jam
4. DMendokumentasikan, mengulang observasi, dan memberi tahu dokter pada visite berikutnya

What is the main aim of purposeful hourly rounding?

1. ATo replace the need for a call light
2. BTo wake the patient every hour to check orientation
3. CTo count the patient’s medications every hour and check that none are missing
4. DTo check pain, toileting, position and personal items before the patient needs to ask

Seorang pasien dengan dugaan pertusis harus tetap di bangsal bersama karena tidak ada ruang tunggal yang kosong. Pengaturan mana yang paling tepat sambil menghubungi petugas pengendalian infeksi?

1. ATirai ditutup, jarak lebih dari 1 meter (3 kaki), masker untuk kontak dekat
2. BTidak menggunakan kewaspadaan apa pun sampai ruang tunggal tersedia
3. CMenempatkan pasien di samping pasien imunokompromais
4. DMenggunakan kewaspadaan udara dengan respirator N95 untuk semua orang

Several patients on a gastroenterology unit need care. Which patient should the nurse see first?

1. AUlcerative colitis, asking about diet changes for home
2. BCrohn disease, waiting to be taken down for a scheduled CT scan
3. CTwo hours after a colonoscopy: rigid abdomen and severe new pain
4. DLong-standing back pain, asking for the usual analgesic

A patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome has weakness that is spreading up from the legs. Which assessment has the highest priority?

1. AMuscle strength in the feet and ankles at the start of each morning
2. BBreathing strength, such as vital capacity and the ability to cough
3. CThe patient’s mood and coping
4. DSkin condition over the heels

Which mask is required for staff during an aerosol-generating procedure on a patient with a respiratory infection spread by aerosols?

1. ANo mask, as long as gloves are worn
2. BA fit-tested respirator mask (such as FFP3 or N95)
3. CA standard fluid-repellent surgical mask with a visor
4. DA cloth face covering

Seorang pasien setelah penggantian panggul total tiba-tiba mengalami nyeri panggul hebat, tungkai memendek, dan tungkai berotasi. Apa komplikasi yang paling mungkin?

1. ATrombosis vena dalam pada betis
2. BDislokasi prostesis
3. CRetensi urine
4. DInfeksi luka

Hemoglobin seorang pasien adalah 7,8 g/dL (78 g/L). Temuan mana yang diharapkan perawat?

1. AGatal, kulit kuning, dan urine gelap
2. BKelelahan, pucat, denyut jantung cepat, dan sesak napas saat beraktivitas
3. CSakit kepala, mimisan, dan wajah merah
4. DDenyut jantung lambat, kulit memerah, dan tekanan darah tinggi

A patient has fever, chills, flank pain and costovertebral angle tenderness. Urinalysis shows many white cells and white cell casts. Which condition is most likely?

1. ASimple cystitis
2. BGlomerulonephritis
3. CNephrotic syndrome
4. DAcute pyelonephritis

Mengapa doksisiklin tidak boleh diminum bersamaan dengan susu atau antasida?

1. ASusu mempercepat penguraiannya di hati melalui induksi enzim
2. BAntasida mengubahnya menjadi senyawa toksik
3. CKalsium dan ion logam lain mengikatnya dan mengurangi penyerapan
4. DKombinasinya menyebabkan konstipasi berat

A woman with epilepsy who takes an antiepileptic drug plans to become pregnant. Which advice is standard?

1. ANo change is needed, as antiepileptics carry no risk in pregnancy
2. BStop all antiepileptic drugs straight away as soon as she stops contraception
3. CTake folic acid before conception and seek specialist review of her medication
4. DAvoid folic acid because it lowers drug levels

A patient with chest pain has a first troponin result within the normal range one hour after the pain started. Why is a repeat test arranged?

1. AThe first sample is always contaminated
2. BTroponin falls during an MI, so a lower value confirms it
3. CTroponin may take a few hours to rise after muscle damage
4. DThe repeat test is only needed for patients over 80

On a ventilated patient, the end-tidal CO₂ waveform suddenly drops to zero. What should the nurse suspect first?

1. AA rise in the patient's body temperature over the last hour
2. BA sudden improvement in the patient's lung function
3. CTube displacement, disconnection or obstruction
4. DNormal variation that needs no action

Which measure best detects a decline in breathing in a patient with Guillain–Barré syndrome?

1. ARegular forced vital capacity measurements
2. BOxygen saturation alone
3. CPeak flow before and after a bronchodilator
4. DDaily chest X-rays

Four patients had a minor head injury with no loss of consciousness and a GCS of 15. Which one most needs a CT scan of the head?

1. AA 30-year-old who bumped their head on a cupboard door
2. BA 40-year-old with a mild headache that is improving
3. CA 78-year-old who takes warfarin for atrial fibrillation
4. DA 25-year-old with a small scalp graze after a fall

Which statement about corticosteroids in inflammatory bowel disease is correct?

1. AThey are the best long-term maintenance treatment
2. BThey are used to induce remission, not for maintenance
3. CThey are given only as a one-off injection
4. DThey cure the disease after one course

A patient with facial burns from a house fire was talking normally on arrival. Two hours later, the voice is hoarse and there is stridor. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive a warm drink to soothe the throat
2. BCall for urgent anaesthetic help, as the airway is swelling
3. CLay the patient flat to help them sleep
4. DEncourage the patient to rest the voice and reassess tomorrow

Which measure helps prevent venous thromboembolism after a caesarean?

1. ARestricting fluids
2. BEarly mobilisation
3. CKeeping the knees bent on pillows
4. DBed rest for several days

A large for gestational age newborn of a mother with diabetes is also very red and has a high haematocrit. Which complication of this finding should the nurse watch for?

1. AJaundice
2. BNeural tube defects
3. CHypothermia caused by sweating
4. DDehydration caused by vomiting

A child's tonic–clonic seizure has stopped and she is drowsy. What should the nurse do?

1. ALeave her alone in a dark room to sleep it off
2. BWake her fully every few minutes and ask her to stand up and walk around
3. CGive her a drink straight away to prevent dehydration
4. DPlace her in the recovery position and monitor airway and breathing

A child with eczema suddenly develops clusters of painful, punched-out blisters and erosions with a fever. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA normal eczema flare that needs more emollient
2. BEczema herpeticum, which needs urgent antiviral treatment
3. CChickenpox, which is mild and needs no specific treatment
4. DAn allergic reaction to the emollient

A patient at high risk of suicide is placed on constant (one-to-one) observation. What does this mean?

1. AThe patient is seen once a shift by the nurse in charge, and otherwise checked by camera from the office when staff are free
2. BThe patient can be left alone while asleep
3. CThe patient is checked every hour during the day only
4. DA staff member stays with the patient at all times, at the distance set by policy, including in the bathroom

Which patient should the nurse check first?

1. AA patient given IM haloperidol and lorazepam 30 minutes ago who is hard to rouse, breathing 8/min
2. BA patient with depression who is asking for help to phone his mother
3. CA patient with OCD who is late for breakfast because of a long washing ritual in the bathroom
4. DA patient with schizophrenia who wants a cigarette break in the garden

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien memiliki tinggi 189 cm. Dengan 1 in = 2,54 cm, cari tinggi h dalam inci. Bulatkan ke satu tempat desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah infus dimulai pada 23:25 dan selesai pada 00:30 keesokan paginya (jam 24 jam). Berapa jam t infus itu berjalan? Berikan jawaban dalam jam sebagai desimal, dibulatkan ke dua tempat desimal.

Seorang anak dengan berat 28 kg diresepkan 10 mg/kg suatu obat. Larutan stok mengandung 50 mg/mL. Tarik dosisnya: berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Resepnya 350 mikrogram. Ampul mengandung 0,5 mg/mL. Tarik dosis dalam alat suntik 1 mL: berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Infuskan 1500 mL selama 8 jam dengan set 20 tts/mL. Tentukan laju tetesan R dalam tetes per menit. Bulatkan ke bilangan bulat terdekat.

250 mg obat diencerkan dalam 250 mL dan diberikan dengan gravitasi melalui set 20 gtt/mL. Resepnya 30 mg per jam. Tentukan laju tetes R dalam tetes per menit.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 12 jam. Berat badan pasien 82 kg. Cari rata-rata haluaran urine U dalam mL/kg/jam. Bulatkan ke dua angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah kantong 500 mL dijalankan dengan pompa pada 150 mL/h. Pada pukul 16:00, 50 mL sudah diinfuskan. Berapa jam t lagi sampai kantong kosong? Bulatkan ke satu angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan setelah cedera kepala membuka mata secara spontan, terorientasi terhadap orang, tempat, dan waktu, dan menunjukkan respons motorik terbaik: mengikuti perintah. Hitung GCS dan klasifikasikan cedera kepala berdasarkan GCS tersebut. Klik jawaban Anda.

1. 1ringan
2. 2sedang
3. 3berat

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Tim menargetkan tekanan arteri rata-rata minimal 70 mmHg. Tekanan sistolik seorang pasien adalah 100 mmHg. Dengan MAP = (SBP + 2·DBP)/3, berapa tekanan diastolik terendah DBP yang masih memberi MAP 70 mmHg?