Prioritas & Delegasi ala NCLEX: paket kilat

A patient speaks little English, and the nurse needs to explain a new procedure. What is the best way to communicate?

1. AAsk the patient’s 10-year-old child to translate
2. BSpeak loudly and slowly in English
3. CUse a professional medical interpreter
4. DUse hand gestures and hope the patient understands

A patient with COPD on 2 L/min oxygen becomes drowsy and hard to wake. The SpO₂ is 93%. What is the priority?

1. AGive the as-needed sedative so the patient rests comfortably
2. BAssess breathing and escalate for a blood gas, as carbon dioxide may be rising
3. CIncrease the oxygen to 6 L/min so that the saturation goes even higher than now
4. DLet the patient sleep, because the saturation is above target

Seorang pasien dengan dugaan tuberkulosis berada di ruang bertekanan negatif. Praktik mana yang benar?

1. AMembiarkan pengunjung masuk tanpa perlindungan apa pun
2. BMembiarkan pintu terbuka agar petugas dapat melihat pasien setiap saat
3. CMematikan ventilasi ruangan pada malam hari
4. DMenjaga pintu tetap tertutup kecuali saat masuk atau keluar

A woman in late pregnancy is choking and cannot speak or cough. Which technique should the rescuer use?

1. ABack blows only
2. BAbdominal thrusts
3. CChest thrusts
4. DBlind finger sweeps

A patient without symptoms has a fasting plasma glucose of 132 mg/dL (7,3 mmol/L) on Monday and 138 mg/dL (7,7 mmol/L) on Thursday. What does this show?

1. AThe results show prediabetes only
2. BThe results meet the criteria for diabetes
3. CThe results are within the normal fasting range
4. DThe results show reactive hypoglycemia

Four results arrive at the same time. Which patient should the nurse see first?

1. AINR 2,6 in a patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation
2. BGlucose 48 mg/dL (2,7 mmol/L) in a patient who had insulin an hour ago
3. CWhite cell count 12,0 × 10³/µL on the first day after surgery
4. DHemoglobin 10,4 g/dL (104 g/L) in a patient with stable chronic kidney disease

A patient with renal colic is asked to pass urine through a strainer. Why?

1. ATo catch any stone so that it can be analysed
2. BTo remove bacteria from the urine
3. CTo make passing urine less painful
4. DTo measure the urine's pH and specific gravity

Seorang pasien telah mengalami diare selama tiga hari dan dirawat di bangsal penyakit dalam. Apa tindakan pengendalian infeksi yang paling tepat?

1. ASegera isolasi, gunakan kewaspadaan kontak, dan kirim sampel tinja
2. BHanya menggunakan gel alkohol dan menghindari sarung tangan untuk menghemat sumber daya
3. CMemindahkan pasien ke ruang bersama agar kamar tunggal tetap tersedia
4. DMenunggu sampai diare berlangsung seminggu sebelum mengambil tindakan apa pun

A patient is starting long-term amiodarone. Which teaching and monitoring are most important?

1. AProtect skin from sunlight and have thyroid, liver and lung checks
2. BAvoid dairy products and have the INR checked once at the start
3. CEat extra salt and stop the drug as soon as the pulse is regular
4. DExpect orange urine and no need for blood tests

Pendekatan pelepasan drainase dada mana yang umum diajarkan?

1. AMelepasnya perlahan sementara pasien menarik napas dalam yang panjang
2. BMelepasnya dengan hisapan masih berjalan penuh
3. CMelepasnya saat napas ditahan atau ekspirasi, lalu menutup lokasi
4. DMelepasnya dan membiarkan lokasi terbuka mengalir selama sehari

Kejang telah berlangsung lima menit dan berlanjut. Apa obat lini pertama yang biasa?

1. ADosis muat fenitoin IV sebelum yang lain
2. BGlukosa 50% IV pada setiap pasien, lalu nilai ulang
3. CBenzodiazepin seperti lorazepam IV atau midazolam bukal
4. DAdrenalin IM ke paha luar

Seorang lansia dengan diabetes tipe 2 memiliki glukosa 48 mmol/L, osmolalitas 365 mOsm/kg, tanpa keton bermakna, dan kebingungan. Apa prioritas pertama?

1. ABolus insulin IV besar untuk menormalkan glukosa dalam satu jam
2. BCairan IV yang hati-hati dengan pemeriksaan ketat osmolalitas, natrium, dan glukosa
3. CGlukosa oral untuk mencegah hipoglikemia selama pengobatan
4. DPembatasan cairan ketat untuk menghindari edema serebral

Which pain pattern classically suggests a duodenal rather than a gastric ulcer?

1. APain in the right lower abdomen with fever and vomiting
2. BPain straight after eating that is worsened by food
3. CPain only on deep breathing that eases when sitting forwards
4. DPain 2–3 hours after meals and at night, eased by eating

A patient asks whether to take their usual bisoprolol on the morning of surgery. What is the usual guidance?

1. AStop it one week before any operation
2. BUsually continue it with a sip of water, unless told otherwise
3. CTake a double dose to protect the heart
4. DTake it only after the operation is finished