1.Prioritas & delegasiSedang
Dengan menggunakan Emergency Severity Index, pasien mana yang menerima tingkat kegawatan tertinggi?
- APasien dengan kemungkinan fraktur pergelangan kaki
- BPasien dengan nyeri tenggorok selama tiga hari dan tanda vital normal
- CPasien dengan nyeri dada dan tanda vital normal
- DPasien tidak responsif dengan napas megap-megap yang tidak teratur
2.Prioritas & delegasiSulit
A patient opens their eyes only to pain, uses inappropriate words and withdraws from pain. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
- A7
- B13
- C9
- D11
3.Pengendalian infeksi & keselamatan pasienSedang
Which nursing care reduces the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia?
- ALying the patient flat for most of the day
- BRegular oral care to reduce bacteria in the mouth
- CLeaving secretions in the mouth to protect the airway
- DChanging the ventilator circuit every few hours
4.Pengendalian infeksi & keselamatan pasienSulit
Which patient with a suspected infection meets the qSOFA criteria that signal a higher risk of a poor outcome?
- ARespiratory rate 20/min, alert, systolic BP 110 mmHg, heart rate 110/min
- BRespiratory rate 16/min, alert, systolic BP 105 mmHg, WBC 13,000/mm3
- CRespiratory rate 24/min, new confusion, systolic BP 95 mmHg
- DRespiratory rate 18/min, alert, systolic BP 130 mmHg, temperature 38,5 °C
5.Nilai laboratorium & elektrolitSedang
Why is a baseline platelet count taken before starting heparin therapy?
- ASo a later fall from heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is detected
- BBecause heparin is given at a dose based on the platelet count
- CSo that the INR can be calculated from the platelet count later
- DBecause heparin increases the platelet count to dangerous levels
6.Nilai laboratorium & elektrolitSulit
During surgery under general anesthesia, a patient develops a rising end-tidal CO2, muscle rigidity and tachycardia, then a high potassium and a rising temperature. Which condition is most likely?
- AMalignant hyperthermia
- BHypoglycemia from fasting
- CHypovolemic shock
- DAcute hemolytic transfusion reaction
7.Keperawatan klinisSedang
Which of these is one of the "4 Hs", the reversible causes of cardiac arrest?
- AHypertension
- BHypoxia
- CHyperthyroidism
- DHyperventilation
8.Keperawatan klinisSulit
A patient with back pain develops numbness around the anus and genitals and new difficulty passing urine. Which condition should be suspected?
- ASimple muscle strain
- BKidney stones
- CCauda equina syndrome
- DConstipation
9.Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasiSedang
Seorang pasien asma menggunakan inhaler pelega lebih dari tiga kali seminggu. Apa yang ditunjukkan hal ini?
- AAsma terkontrol baik dengan rencana saat ini
- BPelega tidak lagi bekerja dan harus dihentikan
- CKontrol asma buruk dan pengobatan perlu ditinjau
- DInhaler pencegah tidak lagi diperlukan
10.Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasiSulit
Four hours after cardiac surgery, the mediastinal drain, which had been draining steadily, suddenly stops. BP falls to 84/60 mmHg, the heart rate rises and the CVP climbs. What should the nurse suspect?
- AFluid overload from intravenous fluids
- BA tension pneumothorax on the left side
- CNormal recovery, as the bleeding has stopped
- DCardiac tamponade from a clotted drain
11.Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjalSedang
Lima belas menit setelah diobati dengan tablet glukosa, glukosa pasien naik dari 3,2 menjadi 5,1 mmol/L. Makan berikutnya dua jam lagi. Apa yang harus dilakukan selanjutnya?
- AMemberikan dosis biasa insulin kerja cepat segera
- BMemberikan dosis tablet glukosa lagi untuk menaikkannya lebih tinggi
- CMemberikan camilan karbohidrat kerja lebih lama, seperti sandwich
- DTidak perlu tindakan lebih lanjut sampai makan berikutnya disajikan nanti
12.Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjalSulit
Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?
- ADeciding the dose of correction insulin from the glucose result
- BAssessing a confused patient whose glucose is 2,6 mmol/L (47 mg/dL)
- CTeaching a new patient how to inject insulin
- DChecking pre-meal glucose and reporting results out of range
13.Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologiSedang
Which drug class is used to reduce the risk of a first variceal bleed in cirrhosis?
- ANon-selective beta-blockers
- BCalcium supplements
- CProton pump inhibitors
- DThiazide diuretics
14.Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologiSulit
During burn resuscitation, a 70 kg adult's urine output has been 120 mL/h for 3 hours, and the face and limbs are very oedematous. What should the nurse do?
- AGive a diuretic without discussing it
- BStop all IV fluids completely and remove the catheter
- CDiscuss reducing the fluid rate with the team
- DIncrease the fluid rate to keep the output high