1.Prioritas & delegasiSedang
On the first day after abdominal surgery, a patient has a temperature of 37,9 °C and reduced breath sounds at the lung bases. Which nursing action is most helpful?
- AKeep the patient lying flat in bed to rest the incision fully
- BGive a cough suppressant so that the incision is not strained
- CRestrict oral fluids so that the lungs do not fill up with extra fluid
- DEncourage deep breathing, coughing and use of the incentive spirometer
2.Prioritas & delegasiSulit
On an addiction unit, which patient should the nurse assess first?
- AAnxious, with goose bumps, stomach cramps and loose stools
- BAsking for an extra blanket and a hot drink
- CYawning, with a runny nose and dilated pupils
- DDrowsy with pinpoint pupils and a respiratory rate of 7/min
3.Pengendalian infeksi & keselamatan pasienSedang
When should a nurse call the rapid response team?
- AOnly when the provider has written an order for a rapid response call in the chart
- BOnly when the patient’s family makes a complaint
- CWhen a patient shows an acute decline, such as new confusion or a sharp change in vital signs
- DOnly after a patient has had a cardiac or respiratory arrest on the ward
4.Pengendalian infeksi & keselamatan pasienSulit
A patient takes medicines prescribed by several providers. Which advice best reduces the risk of medication errors at home?
- AOnly tell each provider about the drugs they prescribed
- BStop taking any medicine that seems to repeat another one, without asking anyone
- CKeep one up-to-date list of all medicines and use one pharmacy where possible
- DKeep each provider’s medicines in separate bags
5.Nilai laboratorium & elektrolitSedang
A patient has taken hydrochlorothiazide for several years. Which laboratory change is a recognized effect of this drug?
- AA rise in serum potassium
- BA fall in blood glucose
- CA rise in serum uric acid
- DA fall in serum calcium
6.Nilai laboratorium & elektrolitSulit
A patient has a hemoglobin of 11,2 g/dL (112 g/L), an MCV of 64 fL, a normal ferritin and a normal-to-high red cell count. What is the most likely cause?
- AIron deficiency
- BVitamin B12 deficiency
- CThalassemia trait
- DAcute blood loss
7.Keperawatan klinisSedang
Which statement about storing insulin is correct?
- AAll insulin should be stored in the freezer to keep it fresh
- BInsulin never expires once opened
- CUnopened insulin is kept in the fridge and must not be frozen
- DInsulin should be kept in direct sunlight
8.Keperawatan klinisSulit
Which feature best distinguishes delirium from dementia?
- ADelirium is permanent, while dementia is reversible
- BDelirium starts suddenly and fluctuates, while dementia develops gradually
- CDementia always causes visual hallucinations
- DDelirium only affects people under 50, while dementia affects older people
9.Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasiSedang
What is the purpose of a mucolytic such as carbocisteine in chronic productive cough?
- ATo widen the airways within minutes
- BTo make sputum thinner and easier to cough up
- CTo kill bacteria in the airways
- DTo stop the patient coughing completely, day and night
10.Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasiSulit
A patient with pneumonia has a heart rate of 118/min, BP 86/50 mmHg, RR 28/min and a high lactate. Sepsis is recognised. Which action should not be delayed?
- AGive oral antibiotics and reassess the next day
- BWait for the sputum culture result before choosing an antibiotic
- CDelay fluids until a chest X-ray has been reported
- DTake blood cultures and give IV antibiotics within the first hour
11.Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjalSedang
Pernyataan mana tentang insulin basal kerja panjang seperti glargin yang benar?
- AHanya diberikan setelah makan besar untuk menutupi karbohidrat
- BDicampur dengan insulin kerja cepat dalam spuit yang sama
- CPada diabetes tipe 1 insulin ini dilanjutkan bahkan saat pasien tidak makan
- DMemiliki puncak kerja tajam sekitar 30 menit setelah injeksi
12.Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjalSulit
A patient's glucose is 6,2 mmol/L (112 mg/dL) at 03:00 and 12 mmol/L (216 mg/dL) before breakfast. No hypoglycaemia occurred overnight. What is the most likely explanation?
- AThe meter is faulty and should be replaced
- BThe Somogyi effect from a night-time hypo
- CThe dawn phenomenon from early-morning hormones
- DA large snack eaten in the night by mistake
13.Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologiSedang
Balutan mana yang umumnya sesuai untuk luka kering dan berslough yang membutuhkan kelembapan?
- AFoam
- BKasa kering
- CHidrogel
- DAlginat
14.Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologiSulit
Which preoperative task can a registered nurse usually delegate to a healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?
- ARecording baseline vital signs
- BTeaching the patient how to use a PCA pump
- CAssessing the patient's understanding of the surgery
- DDeciding whether abnormal results need reporting