Lembar rumus, langkah-langkah metode utama untuk setiap topik, dan 16 soal latihan, dengan pembahasan lengkap di bagian belakang.
“Whenever it rained, the old roof leaked into the kitchen. This winter, after the roof was replaced, the kitchen stayed dry through every storm.” What can be concluded?
A bus timetable shows buses leaving the hospital at 7:15, 7:45, 8:15 and 8:45 a.m. The trip to the train station takes 25 minutes. A nurse must catch a 9:00 a.m. train. Which is the latest bus that gets the nurse to the station in time?
Grafik garis menunjukkan jumlah orang di ruang tunggu setiap 2 jam, dari jam ke-0 sampai jam ke-10. Berapa perubahan Δ nilai dari jam ke-8 ke jam ke-10? Gunakan bilangan negatif untuk penurunan.
Gunakan urutan operasi untuk mencari nilai x: x = −5² + 7 × 9.
Kelompok otot mana di bagian depan paha yang mengekstensikan lutut?
Saat memasang selang dada atau jarum ke rongga pleura, mengapa alat itu ditempatkan tepat di atas tepi atas tulang rusuk?
Hormon mana yang membuat kandung empedu berkontraksi setelah makanan berlemak?
Perubahan apa yang menggeser kurva disosiasi oksigen–hemoglobin ke kanan?
Researchers randomly assign patients to receive either a new wound dressing or the standard dressing and compare healing times. What type of study is this?
A large molecule contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus. Its monomers each have a sugar and a base. What type of molecule is it?
What is nuclear fission?
A student tests whether water temperature affects how fast sugar dissolves. Which set of factors should be kept the same in every trial?
Which sentence uses a colon correctly to introduce an explanation?
Choose the correct verb: “Everybody except the two new nurses ___ finished the training.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The nurse gave an antipyretic for the high temperature.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The drain was collecting sanguineous fluid.”
Jawaban: C · The new roof fixed the leak.
The kitchen leaked with the old roof but stayed dry through storms after it was replaced, so the new roof fixed the problem.
Jawaban: C · The 8:15 bus
The 8:15 bus arrives at 8:40, before 9:00. The 8:45 bus arrives at 9:10, too late.
Jawaban: Δ = 5
Membaca grafik dan tabel: baca judul, kategori, dan skala lebih dahulu. Pada diagram batang atau grafik garis, ikuti puncak batang atau titik secara mendatar ke sumbu vertikal; setiap garis kisi adalah satu langkah skala. Diagram lingkaran menunjukkan bagian dari keseluruhan: juring p% mewakili p% dari total dan bersudut p% dari 360°.
Jawaban: x = 38
Urutan operasi (PEMDAS/BODMAS): kerjakan yang di dalam tanda kurung lebih dahulu, lalu pangkat, lalu perkalian dan pembagian dari kiri ke kanan, dan terakhir penjumlahan dan pengurangan dari kiri ke kanan. Perkalian tidak selalu mendahului pembagian, dan penjumlahan tidak selalu mendahului pengurangan: setiap pasangan dikerjakan sesuai urutan kemunculannya. Bilangan negatif dalam tanda kurung tetap bertanda saat dikuadratkan: (−3)² = 9, tetapi −3² = −9.
−5² berarti −(5²) = −25: pangkat dikerjakan sebelum tanda minus.
Jawaban: C · Kuadriseps femoris
Kuadriseps femoris (rektus femoris dan tiga otot vastus) mengekstensikan lutut melalui ligamentum patela. Hamstring memfleksikannya.
Jawaban: C · Vena, arteri, dan saraf interkostal berjalan di sepanjang tepi bawah setiap tulang rusuk
Berkas neurovaskular interkostal (vena, arteri, saraf dari atas ke bawah) terletak di sulkus kosta di bawah setiap tulang rusuk. Masuk tepat di atas tulang rusuk di bawahnya akan menghindarinya.
Jawaban: C · Kolesistokinin (CCK)
Lemak dan protein di duodenum melepaskan CCK, yang mengontraksikan kandung empedu dan merangsang sekresi enzim pankreas.
Jawaban: A · Suhu lebih tinggi
Suhu, CO₂, H⁺ (pH lebih rendah), dan 2,3-BPG yang lebih tinggi menurunkan afinitas hemoglobin dan menggeser kurva ke kanan, melepaskan lebih banyak oksigen ke jaringan aktif.
Jawaban: C · A controlled experiment
When researchers assign the treatment and compare it with a control group, it is a controlled experiment, here a randomised controlled trial. In an observational study the researchers only record what happens without assigning treatments.
Jawaban: A · A nucleic acid
Nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA are made of nucleotides, each with a sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogen base. Proteins are made of amino acids and usually lack phosphorus in their backbone.
Jawaban: B · The splitting of a heavy nucleus into smaller nuclei
In fission, a heavy nucleus such as uranium-235 absorbs a neutron and splits into two smaller nuclei, releasing neutrons and a large amount of energy.
Jawaban: C · The mass of sugar, the type of sugar, the volume of water and the amount of stirring
For a fair test, every factor except the independent variable (temperature) must be controlled. Otherwise a change in dissolving time could be caused by something else, such as more stirring or finer sugar.
Jawaban: D · She had one reason for leaving: she was exhausted.
A colon can follow an independent clause to introduce an explanation, a list or a quotation. It should not split a verb from its object.
Jawaban: C · has
The subject is “everybody”, which is singular. The phrase “except the two new nurses” does not change the number of the subject.
Jawaban: A · A drug that reduces fever
An antipyretic is a medicine that lowers a raised body temperature.
Jawaban: D · Bright red and bloody
Sanguineous drainage consists mainly of blood.
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