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Nama: ____________________ Tanggal: ____________
1.Mudah
Osteoporosis mainly increases the risk of:
AMuscle cramps at night
BJoint infections
CHigh blood calcium
DFractures from minor falls
2.Mudah
What is the usual normal white cell count in adults?
AAbout 0,1–0,5 × 109/L (100–500/mm3)
BAbout 50–80 × 109/L (50,000–80,000/mm3)
CAbout 150–400 × 109/L (150,000–400,000/mm3)
DAbout 4–11 × 109/L (4,000–11,000/mm3)
3.Mudah
Alat mana yang digunakan untuk menilai risiko pasien mengalami luka tekan?
AMini-Mental State Examination
BSkala Braden atau Waterlow
CGlasgow Coma Scale
DSkor Apgar
4.Sedang
Why should a urinary catheter drainage bag be kept below the level of the bladder?
ATo make the bag easier for the nurse to empty
BTo keep the urine warm
CTo prevent urine flowing back into the bladder
DTo stop the catheter from falling out
5.Sedang
A patient's low potassium does not improve despite potassium replacement. Which other electrolyte should be checked?
AMagnesium
BPhosphate
CChloride
DSodium
6.Sedang
A patient is prescribed two different eye drops at the same time. What is correct?
AGive one drop now and the other the next day
BMix the two drops in one bottle
CWait about five minutes between the two drops
DGive both drops at once into the same eye
7.Sulit
An acutely ill patient without COPD is on 15 L/min oxygen, and their SpO2 is now 100% and stable. What should be done?
AKeep the oxygen at 15 L/min for at least a week to be on the safe side
BIncrease the oxygen further to build up a reserve
CStop the oxygen and the saturation monitoring because the patient is now well
DReduce the oxygen to keep the SpO2 within the prescribed target range
8.Sulit
A patient with hyperkalaemia is given IV insulin with glucose. What is the purpose, and what must be monitored?
ATo shift potassium into cells; blood glucose must be monitored for hypoglycaemia
BTo protect the heart muscle directly; the patient must be kept nil by mouth
CTo treat hidden diabetes; HbA1c must be checked daily
DTo remove potassium from the body; urine output must be stopped for a time
Kunci jawaban
1. D · Fractures from minor falls
2. D · About 4–11 × 109/L (4,000–11,000/mm3)
3. B · Skala Braden atau Waterlow
4. C · To prevent urine flowing back into the bladder
5. A · Magnesium
6. C · Wait about five minutes between the two drops
7. D · Reduce the oxygen to keep the SpO2 within the prescribed target range
8. A · To shift potassium into cells; blood glucose must be monitored for hypoglycaemia
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