CLow hemoglobin, low platelets, low white cells, low reticulocytes
DLow hemoglobin, high MCV, low vitamin B12, normal bilirubin
3溶液
1.基礎看護学
答え: C · When contact with blood, body fluids or broken skin is expected
これが答えになる理由
Under standard precautions, gloves are worn when exposure to blood or body fluids is likely. Wearing them for all contact gives false security and can spread germs if not changed.
答え
C · When contact with blood, body fluids or broken skin is expected
2.基礎看護学
答え: A · Loop diuretics cause potassium loss, and low levels can cause arrhythmias
これが答えになる理由
Furosemide increases potassium loss in the urine. Hypokalaemia causes muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias, so the result is reported and replacement considered.
答え
A · Loop diuretics cause potassium loss, and low levels can cause arrhythmias
3.臨床看護学
答え: C · On or soon after admission
これが答えになる理由
Discharge planning starts early so that needs such as equipment, care packages, medicines and follow-up are ready when the patient is fit to leave.
答え
C · On or soon after admission
4.臨床看護学
答え: D · APTT for heparin and INR for warfarin
これが答えになる理由
The APTT reflects the intrinsic pathway and is used to adjust heparin infusions. Warfarin is monitored by the INR, a standardised prothrombin time. Platelets are also checked on heparin to detect HIT.
答え: B · Check the patient with a falling SpO₂, give insulin with breakfast, give routine medications, update care plans
これが答えになる理由
A falling SpO₂ is a possible breathing problem and comes first. Insulin must be matched to the meal, routine medications have a time window, and documentation such as care plans comes last.
答え
B · Check the patient with a falling SpO₂, give insulin with breakfast, give routine medications, update care plans
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: A · A mechanical lift used by enough trained staff
これが答えになる理由
For a patient who cannot bear weight or help, a mechanical lift prevents injury to both patient and staff. Lifting under the arms can injure the shoulders, and pivot transfers need weight bearing.
答え
A · A mechanical lift used by enough trained staff
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: D · “I can light candles at dinner if my oxygen is turned down low.”
これが答えになる理由
Oxygen supports combustion, so open flames such as candles, matches, gas stoves and cigarettes must be kept away whatever the flow rate. The other statements are correct.
答え
D · “I can light candles at dinner if my oxygen is turned down low.”
17.検査値と電解質
答え: D · Have the patient void and discard that urine, then save all urine until 08:00 the next day
これが答えになる理由
The collection starts with an empty bladder, so the first void is discarded and the time recorded. All urine for the next 24 hours is saved, including a final void at the end time. If urine is discarded by mistake, the collection usually has to restart.確認に用いた資料:Urine 24-hour volume · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
答え
D · Have the patient void and discard that urine, then save all urine until 08:00 the next day
18.検査値と電解質
答え: A · Low hemoglobin, high reticulocytes, high unconjugated bilirubin, high LDH
これが答えになる理由
When red cells break down early, hemoglobin is turned into unconjugated bilirubin and LDH is released, while the marrow increases reticulocytes. Option B fits iron deficiency, C fits B12 deficiency and D fits marrow failure.確認に用いた資料:Hemolytic anemia · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2026); Reticulocyte Count · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024); Bilirubin Blood Test · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024)
答え
A · Low hemoglobin, high reticulocytes, high unconjugated bilirubin, high LDH