答え: B · Cover it with sterile saline-soaked dressings and call for urgent help
これが答えになる理由
Evisceration is a surgical emergency. The nurse stays with the patient, covers the bowel with sterile moist dressings, positions them to reduce tension on the wound and calls for urgent surgical review.
答え
B · Cover it with sterile saline-soaked dressings and call for urgent help
3.臨床看護学
答え: B · Reduced kidney function
これが答えになる理由
Creatinine is a muscle waste product filtered by the kidneys. A rise shows the glomerular filtration rate is falling, as in acute kidney injury.
答え: D · Report it, because a different oxygen device is likely to be needed
これが答えになる理由
Standard nasal cannulas are usually run at up to about 6 L/min; higher flows dry the nose without much benefit. If the patient still needs more oxygen, the nurse assesses and escalates for a different device.
答え
D · Report it, because a different oxygen device is likely to be needed
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: C · Neurogenic shock
これが答えになる理由
Neurogenic shock follows loss of sympathetic tone, causing vasodilation, hypotension and bradycardia with warm skin. Hypovolemic shock usually causes a fast pulse and cool, clammy skin.
答え
C · Neurogenic shock
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: C · Clean the wound with sterile saline first, then swab clean tissue
これが答えになる理由
Old exudate contains surface bacteria that may not be causing the infection. The wound is cleaned with sterile saline and then swabbed over clean, viable tissue, ideally before antibiotics start.
答え
C · Clean the wound with sterile saline first, then swab clean tissue
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: B · “I can clean the cat’s litter box if I wear a face mask.”
これが答えになる理由
Immunocompromised patients should avoid cleaning litter boxes and other animal waste, because of organisms such as Toxoplasma. Another person should do it. The other statements are correct.
答え
B · “I can clean the cat’s litter box if I wear a face mask.”
17.検査値と電解質
答え: C · Tall, peaked T waves
これが答えになる理由
Hyperkalemia first causes tall, peaked T waves, then a prolonged PR interval, loss of P waves and a wide QRS, which can lead to ventricular fibrillation or asystole. U waves and flat T waves are signs of hypokalemia.確認に用いた資料:High potassium level · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025); Potassium test · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
答え
C · Tall, peaked T waves
18.検査値と電解質
答え: B · IV hydration, a uric acid-lowering drug and frequent electrolytes
これが答えになる理由
Prevention includes aggressive IV hydration, drugs such as allopurinol or rasburicase to lower uric acid, and frequent monitoring of potassium, phosphate, calcium, uric acid and creatinine. Tumor lysis usually begins within 1–3 days of starting treatment.確認に用いた資料:Uric Acid Test · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2026)
答え
B · IV hydration, a uric acid-lowering drug and frequent electrolytes