Which practice is safe when transferring a patient from a bed to a stretcher?
ALock the wheels of both the bed and the stretcher before moving the patient
BLower the stretcher side rails during transport
CLeave the stretcher wheels unlocked so it can move with the patient
DHave the patient slide across without help or a slide sheet
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
A nurse teaches a patient about home oxygen safety. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
A“I will put a ‘no smoking’ sign on my front door for visitors.”
B“I can light candles at dinner if my oxygen is turned down low.”
C“I will keep my spare cylinders upright and secured.”
D“I will keep my oxygen away from the stove.”
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
When do the blood counts usually reach their lowest point (nadir) after many standard chemotherapy regimens?
AAbout 6 months after treatment
BAbout 7–14 days after treatment
CWithin 1–2 hours of treatment
DOn the same day as treatment
18.検査値と電解質むずかしい
Two days after bowel surgery, a patient with nasogastric suction has a distended abdomen, absent bowel sounds and muscle weakness. The potassium is 2.8 mEq/L. Which interpretation is best?
AThe low potassium is due to the patient drinking too much water
BHypokalemia from gastric losses is contributing to paralytic ileus
CHyperkalemia from tissue damage is causing the bowel to stop
DThe potassium is normal for the second day after surgery
3溶液
1.基礎看護学
答え: D · Bed rest quickly causes loss of strength and independence
これが答えになる理由
Older adults lose muscle strength quickly in bed, which leads to falls and loss of independence. Getting up, dressed and moving as soon as safe helps prevent this deconditioning.
答え
D · Bed rest quickly causes loss of strength and independence
2.基礎看護学
答え: A · A possible wound infection that needs assessment and reporting
これが答えになる理由
Increasing pain, odour, new exudate or delayed healing can signal infection even without fever, especially in older adults. The wound is assessed, the change reported and a swab taken if policy advises.
答え
A · A possible wound infection that needs assessment and reporting
3.臨床看護学
答え: B · Attacks of symptoms, such as visual loss or numbness, that improve between relapses
これが答えになる理由
MS causes demyelination in the brain and spinal cord. Many patients first have attacks such as optic neuritis or sensory symptoms, with partial or full recovery between relapses.
答え
B · Attacks of symptoms, such as visual loss or numbness, that improve between relapses
答え: A · “I will come and check the pump and the IV site now.”
これが答えになる理由
An alarm may mean an occlusion, air in the line or infiltration. The nurse checks the pump and site; the assistant should not adjust the pump or silence alarms.
答え
A · “I will come and check the pump and the IV site now.”
答え: A · Lock the wheels of both the bed and the stretcher before moving the patient
これが答えになる理由
Both surfaces are locked and at the same height before the transfer, a slide sheet is used and enough staff help. Side rails are raised on the stretcher during transport.
答え
A · Lock the wheels of both the bed and the stretcher before moving the patient
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: B · “I can light candles at dinner if my oxygen is turned down low.”
これが答えになる理由
Oxygen supports combustion, so open flames such as candles, matches, gas stoves and cigarettes must be kept away whatever the flow rate. The other statements are correct.
答え
B · “I can light candles at dinner if my oxygen is turned down low.”
17.検査値と電解質
答え: B · About 7–14 days after treatment
これが答えになる理由
Chemotherapy damages dividing marrow cells, but mature neutrophils and platelets already in the blood survive for a while, so counts usually fall to a nadir about 7–14 days later, depending on the drug. Infection and bleeding risks are highest then.
答え
B · About 7–14 days after treatment
18.検査値と電解質
答え: B · Hypokalemia from gastric losses is contributing to paralytic ileus
これが答えになる理由
Gastric suction removes potassium and causes metabolic alkalosis, which shifts more potassium into cells. Low potassium reduces smooth muscle contraction and contributes to ileus and weakness. The provider is informed and potassium is replaced as prescribed.確認に用いた資料:Hypokalemia · StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) (2025)
答え
B · Hypokalemia from gastric losses is contributing to paralytic ileus