一致と代名詞の格を確かめるために、句(of the …, along with …)や、余分な人(you and …)を取り除きましょう。
各節を確認します:単独で成り立ちますか? 独立節は、コンマ+接続詞またはセミコロンでつなぎます。
修飾語とリストを確認します:説明する句はその語の隣に、項目は同じ形にそろえます。
語の選択と文体では、正確でフォーマルな、簡潔な選択肢を選びましょう。
医療の語彙(入学試験)
解き方
文全体を読み、文脈の手がかりを探します:定義、対比、例、原因と結果。
知らない単語を接頭辞・語根・接尾辞に分け、それぞれの意味を考えます。
医学用語は、接尾辞から先頭に向かって読みます(hepat-itis:肝臓の炎症)。
各選択肢を文に当てはめて、意味が通るか確かめます。
その語に日常的な別の意味があっても、この文で使われている意味を選びます。
2演習問題
1.読解(入学試験)ふつう
“Despite his fear of heights, Leo climbed the tall ladder to rescue the kitten stuck on the roof.” What does this show about Leo?
AHe was brave enough to face his fear.
BHe was not afraid of heights at all.
CHe wanted to fix the broken roof.
DHe was annoyed by the noisy kitten on the roof.
2.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
The passage states: “Exercise strengthens the heart. A stronger heart pumps more blood with each beat, so the resting heart rate often falls in people who train regularly.” Which conclusion follows from the passage?
AA low resting heart rate is always a sign of heart disease.
BA well-trained person may have a lower resting heart rate.
CThe heart gets weaker with regular training.
DExercise always raises the resting heart rate.
3.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)ふつう
3 1/6 ÷ 2 2/9 を計算せよ。最も簡単な形の答えをクリックしてください。
3 1/6 ÷ 2 2/9
12 1/4
21 17/40
37 1/27
440/57
4.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)むずかしい
x を求めよ:6(x − 8) = 7x − 41。
6(x − 8) = 7x − 41
x =
5.人体解剖学ふつう
気管の大部分を覆う上皮はどれですか?
A多列線毛円柱上皮
B単層立方上皮
C重層扁平上皮
D移行上皮
6.人体解剖学むずかしい
大腿三角で、主な構造の外側から内側への並び順はどれですか?
A大腿静脈、大腿動脈、大腿神経
B大腿神経、大腿静脈、大腿動脈
C大腿神経、大腿動脈、大腿静脈
D大腿動脈、大腿神経、大腿静脈
7.人体生理学ふつう
平均動脈圧はおよそ何に等しいですか?
A心拍出量 × 総末梢抵抗
B心拍数 × 1 回拍出量
C1 回拍出量 × 総末梢血管抵抗
D心拍出量 ÷ 心拍数
8.人体生理学むずかしい
ヘンレループの太い上行脚にあり、髄質の濃度勾配をつくるのに重要な輸送体はどれですか?
A上皮型ナトリウムチャネル(ENaC)
Bアクアポリン 2 水チャネル
Cナトリウム・グルコース共輸送体(SGLT2)
DNa⁺–K⁺–2Cl⁻ 共輸送体(NKCC2)
9.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
The genetic code is described as nearly universal. What does this mean?
AThe same codons mean the same amino acids in nearly all organisms
BAll organisms have the same number of chromosomes in their cells
CAll organisms have exactly the same genes
DEvery cell in the body makes the same proteins
10.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
Two plants are crossed, and about half of the offspring show the dominant trait and half show the recessive trait. What are the most likely genotypes of the parents?
AHomozygous dominant × homozygous recessive
BHeterozygous × homozygous recessive
CHeterozygous × heterozygous
DHomozygous dominant × heterozygous
11.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
How many lone (non-bonding) pairs of electrons are on the oxygen atom in a water molecule?
A0
B2
C1
D4
12.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
次の溶液のうち、最もよく電気を通すものはどれか。
A純粋な蒸留水
B水に溶かした塩化ナトリウム
C水に溶かした砂糖
D水に混ぜたエタノール
13.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the correct word: “The patient recovered ___ after surgery.”
Aquickly
Bquickness
Cquick
Dquicker than
14.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
What does an ellipsis (…) show inside a quotation?
AThe quotation has ended.
BThe writer has added their own words.
CThe quoted speaker was shouting.
DWords have been left out of the original text.
15.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Pain is a subjective symptom.”
ASeen easily by other people
BBased on the patient’s own experience
CMeasured with an instrument such as a thermometer
DAlways serious and urgent
16.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
What does the term gastrostomy mean?
AInflammation of the stomach lining
BA surgical opening into the stomach
CA cut into the stomach that is then closed
DRemoval of part of the stomach
3溶液
1.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · He was brave enough to face his fear.
これが答えになる理由
“Despite his fear” shows he was afraid but climbed anyway to help the kitten, which shows courage.
答え
A · He was brave enough to face his fear.
2.読解(入学試験)
答え: B · A well-trained person may have a lower resting heart rate.
これが答えになる理由
If each beat pumps more blood, fewer beats are needed at rest, so trained people often have a lower resting rate.
答え
B · A well-trained person may have a lower resting heart rate.
答え: A · The same codons mean the same amino acids in nearly all organisms
これが答えになる理由
A codon such as AUG means the same thing in bacteria, plants and humans. This shared code is evidence of common ancestry and allows bacteria to make human proteins such as insulin.
答え
A · The same codons mean the same amino acids in nearly all organisms
10.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: B · Heterozygous × homozygous recessive
これが答えになる理由
A 1 : 1 ratio is typical of Aa × aa, a heterozygote crossed with a homozygous recessive. Aa × Aa gives 3 : 1, and any cross with an AA parent gives only dominant offspring.
答え
B · Heterozygous × homozygous recessive
11.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: B · 2
これが答えになる理由
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons. Two are used in the two O–H bonds, leaving 4 electrons, or 2 lone pairs. These lone pairs give water its bent shape.
“Recovered” is an action verb, so it is modified by the adverb “quickly”.
答え
A · quickly
14.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: D · Words have been left out of the original text.
これが答えになる理由
An ellipsis marks an omission from quoted material. Words added by the writer go in square brackets instead.
答え
D · Words have been left out of the original text.
15.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: B · Based on the patient’s own experience
これが答えになる理由
Subjective information comes from the patient’s own feelings and report, so it cannot be measured directly.
答え
B · Based on the patient’s own experience
16.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: B · A surgical opening into the stomach
これが答えになる理由
A gastrostomy is an opening into the stomach through the abdominal wall, often used for a feeding tube.
答え
B · A surgical opening into the stomach
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