一致と代名詞の格を確かめるために、句(of the …, along with …)や、余分な人(you and …)を取り除きましょう。
各節を確認します:単独で成り立ちますか? 独立節は、コンマ+接続詞またはセミコロンでつなぎます。
修飾語とリストを確認します:説明する句はその語の隣に、項目は同じ形にそろえます。
語の選択と文体では、正確でフォーマルな、簡潔な選択肢を選びましょう。
医療の語彙(入学試験)
解き方
文全体を読み、文脈の手がかりを探します:定義、対比、例、原因と結果。
知らない単語を接頭辞・語根・接尾辞に分け、それぞれの意味を考えます。
医学用語は、接尾辞から先頭に向かって読みます(hepat-itis:肝臓の炎症)。
各選択肢を文に当てはめて、意味が通るか確かめます。
その語に日常的な別の意味があっても、この文で使われている意味を選びます。
2演習問題
1.読解(入学試験)ふつう
Falls are a common cause of injury in older adults. Removing loose rugs, adding bright lights on stairs and installing grab bars in the bathroom can make a home safer. What is the main purpose of the passage?
ATo explain how bones heal after a fall
BTo describe the design of modern bathrooms
CTo suggest ways to prevent falls at home
DTo argue that older adults need carers
2.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
The hospital’s visitor policy states: “Visiting hours are 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. Two visitors per patient at a time. Children under 12 must be with an adult. Visitors with a cough or fever should not visit.” Which visitor follows the policy?
AAn adult with no symptoms visiting alone at 3 p.m.
BAn adult with a fever visiting at 11 a.m.
CThree adults visiting the same patient together at noon
DA 10-year-old visiting alone at 5 p.m.
3.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)ふつう
2 1/3 ÷ 2 3/4 を計算せよ。最も簡単な形の答えをクリックしてください。
2 1/3 ÷ 2 3/4
128/33
26 5/12
31 4/9
41 5/28
4.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)むずかしい
10% 引きのセールで、聴診器が $153 です。元の価格 x はいくらでしたか? ドル単位で答えてください。
$153−10%
x = $
5.人体解剖学ふつう
主に協調運動と平衡を担う脳の部分はどこですか?
A視床
B視床下部
C小脳
D延髄
6.人体解剖学むずかしい
側頭部のプテリオンへの打撃により硬膜外血腫が生じました。通常、断裂している血管はどれですか?
A中硬膜動脈
B浅側頭動脈
C架橋静脈
D中大脳動脈
7.人体生理学ふつう
骨格筋で、収縮のためのカルシウムの大部分はどこから来ますか?
A核
B細胞外液
Cミトコンドリア
D筋小胞体
8.人体生理学むずかしい
発熱の始まりに、体温が上がっているのに患者が震えて寒気を感じます。なぜですか?
A発熱物質が視床下部の設定値を現在の体温より高く上げるから
B体が熱を産生する能力を失ったから
C発汗ですでに体が冷えすぎたから
D皮膚の温度受容器が破壊されるから
9.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
In which part of the chloroplast do the light-dependent reactions happen?
AIn the stroma
BIn the thylakoid membranes
CIn the outer membrane
DIn the cell wall
10.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
HIV infects and destroys helper T cells. Why do people with untreated advanced HIV get infections that healthy people rarely get?
AHIV kills the normal flora of the skin and gut
BThe virus turns harmless microbes into pathogens
CHelper T cells make the antibiotics that the body needs to fight infection
DTheir immune response is too weak to control normally harmless microbes
11.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
反応 2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO で、酸化される物質はどれか。
A酸素。電子を失うから
Bマグネシウム。電子を得るから
Cマグネシウム。電子を失うから
Dどちらの物質も電荷が変わらない
12.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
Burning a match is strongly exothermic, so why does it not catch fire until it is struck?
AStriking pushes extra oxygen into the chemicals of the match head
BThe match must first absorb all its energy from the air
CStriking makes the reaction endothermic
DStriking supplies the activation energy to start the reaction
13.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the correct word: “She feels ___ about missing the appointment.”
Abad
Bworse than
Cbaddest
Dbadly
14.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
Which sentence uses the past perfect correctly to show which action happened first?
AShe eats before the test had begun.
BShe has eaten before the test began.
CShe had eaten before the test began.
DShe had eaten before the test had began.
15.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient became agitated during the night.”
ASleepy and slow
BCalm and settled
CUnconscious and still
DRestless and disturbed
16.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The tumour had metastasised to the liver.”
AShrunk after treatment
BSpread from its original site
CTurned into a cyst
DBeen removed by surgery
3溶液
1.読解(入学試験)
答え: C · To suggest ways to prevent falls at home
これが答えになる理由
The passage names fall risks and lists changes that make a home safer, so its purpose is to suggest ways to prevent falls.
答え
C · To suggest ways to prevent falls at home
2.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · An adult with no symptoms visiting alone at 3 p.m.
これが答えになる理由
The first visitor meets every rule. The others break the two-visitor limit, the rule for children or the rule about symptoms.
答え
A · An adult with no symptoms visiting alone at 3 p.m.
The light-dependent reactions take place on the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll captures light and makes ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle, which builds sugar, happens in the surrounding stroma.
答え
B · In the thylakoid membranes
10.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: D · Their immune response is too weak to control normally harmless microbes
これが答えになる理由
Helper T cells activate B cells and cytotoxic T cells. When they are lost, the immune system cannot control microbes that it would normally keep in check, leading to opportunistic infections.
答え
D · Their immune response is too weak to control normally harmless microbes
11.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: C · マグネシウム。電子を失うから
これが答えになる理由
酸化とは電子を失うことである。Mg → Mg²⁺ + 2e⁻。酸素はその電子を得て、還元される。
答え
C · マグネシウム。電子を失うから
12.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: D · Striking supplies the activation energy to start the reaction
これが答えになる理由
The friction from striking provides the activation energy. Once started, the heat released keeps the reaction going. A large activation energy is why fuels are stable in air until ignited.
答え
D · Striking supplies the activation energy to start the reaction
13.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: A · bad
これが答えになる理由
After linking verbs such as feel, seem and look, use an adjective: she feels bad. “Feels badly” would describe her sense of touch.
答え
A · bad
14.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · She had eaten before the test began.
これが答えになる理由
Eating happened before the test began, so it takes the past perfect (had eaten). The later action is in the simple past (began).
答え
C · She had eaten before the test began.
15.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: D · Restless and disturbed
これが答えになる理由
Agitated means restless, anxious and unable to settle.
答え
D · Restless and disturbed
16.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: B · Spread from its original site
これが答えになる理由
To metastasise (US: metastasize) is for cancer to spread from where it started to another part of the body.
答え
B · Spread from its original site
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