1.やさしい
金属に典型的な性質はどれか。
- A砕け散るもろい固体である
- B室温でほとんどが気体である
- C熱を伝えにくい
- D電気をよく通す
2.やさしい
反応 A + B → AB は、どの種類の反応か。
- A分解
- B燃焼
- C合成(化合)
- D単置換
3.やさしい
What does the rule "like dissolves like" mean?
- AEvery substance dissolves in water
- BOnly substances with identical formulas can ever dissolve in each other
- CSolids dissolve only in other solids
- DPolar solvents dissolve polar substances, and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar ones
4.ふつう
What are London dispersion forces?
- AStrong bonds formed by transferring electrons
- BAttractions between a hydrogen atom and a metal ion
- CWeak, temporary attractions caused by shifting electrons in molecules
- DForces that hold protons together in the nucleus
5.ふつう
A gas mixture contains nitrogen at 600 mmHg, oxygen at 150 mmHg and other gases at 10 mmHg. What is the total pressure?
- A600 mmHg
- B760 mmHg
- C253 mmHg
- D750 mmHg
6.ふつう
貴ガスがほとんど反応しないのはなぜか。
- A電子がまったくないから
- Bすべて放射性だから
- C最外殻がすでに電子で満たされているから
- D原子が他の原子よりずっと大きいから
7.むずかしい
Why is it easier to remove the outer electron from a potassium atom than from a lithium atom?
- ALithium has more electron shells than potassium
- BPotassium has fewer protons, so its nucleus pulls much more weakly on every electron
- CPotassium's outer electron is in a full shell
- DPotassium's outer electron is farther from the nucleus and more shielded by inner electrons
8.むずかしい
A salt is dissolved in water in an insulated cup, and the water temperature falls from 25 °C to 20 °C. Which statement is correct?
- ADissolving is endothermic; the water took heat from the salt
- BDissolving is endothermic; the dissolving salt took heat from the water
- CNo energy change occurred, because the temperature fell
- DDissolving is exothermic; the dissolving salt released heat into the water
解答
- 1. D · 電気をよく通す
- 2. C · 合成(化合)
- 3. D · Polar solvents dissolve polar substances, and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar ones
- 4. C · Weak, temporary attractions caused by shifting electrons in molecules
- 5. B · 760 mmHg
- 6. C · 最外殻がすでに電子で満たされているから
- 7. D · Potassium's outer electron is farther from the nucleus and more shielded by inner electrons
- 8. B · Dissolving is endothermic; the dissolving salt took heat from the water
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