공식 모음, 모든 주제의 핵심 풀이 단계, 연습 문제 14개가 들어 있으며 전체 풀이는 맨 뒤에 있습니다.
Which practice makes a shift handover safest?
An RN has five patients and a nursing assistant. One patient has just become short of breath. Which task should the RN delegate so that the RN can go to that patient?
A nurse cleans an IV pump with a disinfectant wipe. What must happen for the disinfectant to work?
An IV bag from the pharmacy holds the correct drug, but the label shows another patient’s name. What should the nurse do?
In countries that screen all pregnant women (such as the US), a vaginal-rectal swab is taken at about 36–37 weeks. Which organism is it screening for?
A patient has fever, confusion, a platelet count of 15 × 10³/µL, anemia with fragmented red cells (schistocytes) and a raised creatinine. Clotting times are normal. Which condition should be suspected?
A patient with renal colic is asked to pass urine through a strainer. Why?
기관절개 환자가 갑자기 숨을 못 쉬고 튜브가 막힌 것 같습니다. 첫 번째 행동은?
Which foot care advice is correct for a patient with peripheral arterial disease?
A 28-year-old woman taking the combined pill comes in breathless and anxious. RR is 30/min, heart rate 118/min and SpO₂ 90% on air. A colleague says it is a panic attack. What should the nurse conclude?
원발성 부신 기능부전 환자가 열이 납니다. 스테로이드 보충에 대한 일반적인 sick-day 조언은?
An 84-year-old man became more confused a week after starting oxybutynin. Infection has been ruled out. What should the nurse suspect?
내시경 전에 상부 위장관 출혈의 위험을 평가하는 데 쓰는 점수는?
A patient with haematemesis becomes drowsy and starts to vomit blood again. What is the immediate priority?
답: B · A structured format, such as SBAR, with time for questions
Handover is a high-risk moment for errors. A structured format and the chance to ask questions help the next nurse understand each patient’s condition and priorities.
답: A · Morning vital signs on the four stable patients
Routine vital signs on stable patients can be delegated, freeing the RN to assess and treat the unstable patient. Assessment, IV medication and explaining a new diagnosis stay with the RN.
답: A · The surface stays wet for the contact time on the product label
Each disinfectant has a contact (dwell) time during which the surface must stay visibly wet. Drying it early or spreading one wipe over many items reduces its effect.
답: A · Not hang it, and get a correctly labeled bag from the pharmacy
A label with another patient’s name means the bag may be meant for someone else or may differ in other ways. The nurse does not use it, returns it and reports the issue so the error can be investigated.
답: D · Group B Streptococcus
Group B streptococci can colonize the vagina and rectum and can cause severe infection in newborns. Women who test positive receive IV antibiotics during labor to reduce transmission to the baby. The UK does not screen all women routinely; it uses a risk-based approach instead.확인 출처: Group B streptococcal septicemia of the newborn · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024)
답: A · Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
TTP causes small clots that consume platelets, break red cells (microangiopathic hemolysis) and damage the brain and kidneys, while clotting times usually stay normal. It is an emergency treated with plasma exchange; platelet transfusion is generally avoided.확인 출처: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
답: A · To catch any stone so that it can be analysed
Collecting a passed stone allows its composition to be identified, which helps guide diet and treatment to prevent recurrence.
답: B · 내관을 빼서 막혔는지 확인한다
응급 알고리즘에 따라 먼저 내관을 빼고, 흡인을 시도하고, 도움을 요청합니다. 그래도 안 되면 커프 공기를 빼고 튜브를 교체합니다.
답: A · Check the feet daily and wear well-fitting shoes
Reduced blood flow slows healing, so minor injuries can become ulcers or gangrene. Patients inspect their feet daily, keep them clean and moisturised, wear well-fitting footwear and see a podiatrist for nails and corns. Direct heat can burn ischaemic skin.
답: A · Low oxygen saturation is not explained by anxiety; PE must be excluded
Panic-related hyperventilation causes respiratory alkalosis but normal oxygen saturation. Hypoxaemia with tachycardia in a woman taking oestrogen suggests PE. She needs oxygen, urgent medical assessment and investigation. Paper-bag rebreathing is unsafe and can worsen hypoxaemia.
답: A · 글루코코르티코이드 용량을 늘리며 흔히 두 배로 한다
스테로이드 보충을 받는 사람은 아플 때 더 많은 글루코코르티코이드가 필요합니다. sick-day 규칙은 보통 열이 있는 동안 용량을 두 배로 하고, 구토하여 정제를 삼킬 수 없으면 응급 주사용 하이드로코르티손을 쓰거나 긴급 진료를 받도록 하여 부신 위기를 막습니다.
답: A · Anticholinergic side effects of the drug
Anticholinergic drugs such as oxybutynin can cause confusion and worsen cognition in older people. The prescriber should review the medicine and the patient's overall anticholinergic burden.
답: D · Glasgow-Blatchford 점수
Glasgow-Blatchford 점수는 요소, 헤모글로빈, 수축기 혈압, 맥박, 흑색변, 실신, 간질환, 심부전을 사용하여 중재가 필요한 환자를 가려냅니다. 전체 Rockall 점수는 내시경 후에 사용합니다.
답: D · Turn the patient onto their side to protect the airway
A drowsy patient who is vomiting may aspirate blood. Positioning on the side and suctioning protect the airway while help is called; large-bore IV access, bloods and fluid resuscitation follow.
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