공식 모음, 모든 주제의 핵심 풀이 단계, 연습 문제 14개가 들어 있으며 전체 풀이는 맨 뒤에 있습니다.
A patient is raising his voice, pacing and clenching his fists. What should the nurse do first?
Four laboratory results come back at once. Which one should the nurse report first?
Which practice reduces back strain when a nurse moves a patient or heavy object?
A patient punches a nurse during care. The nurse is not seriously hurt. What should the nurse do?
A patient had a total gastrectomy. Which long-term therapy is needed to prevent anemia?
A patient started methimazole for hyperthyroidism 6 weeks ago and now has a fever and a severe sore throat. Which action is most important?
Under the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (England and Wales), which principle applies?
A patient rescued from a house fire has soot around the mouth, singed nasal hairs and a hoarse voice. What is the main concern?
After varicose vein surgery, which advice is usually given?
After chest trauma, a patient is hypotensive with reduced breath sounds on the left. Which finding suggests a haemothorax rather than a tension pneumothorax?
When a patient sticks out their tongue, it points to the right. Which nerve is affected?
A patient had rapid-acting insulin before lunch, then vomited the meal 15 minutes later. What should the nurse do?
What does "neoadjuvant" treatment mean?
Four patients are on a gastroenterology ward. Which should the nurse see first?
답: C · Speak calmly, keep a safe distance and invite him to talk about what is wrong
Early verbal de-escalation, with a calm voice and a safe distance, is the first approach for rising agitation. Restraint is a last resort, and crowding the patient can make things worse.
답: D · Hemoglobin 6.5 g/dL (65 g/L) in a patient with a GI bleed
A hemoglobin of 6.5 g/dL (65 g/L) in a bleeding patient shows severe anemia and may need urgent transfusion. The other results are mildly abnormal or stable.
답: A · Keep the load close to the body and avoid twisting
Good body mechanics include a wide base of support, bending at the hips and knees, keeping the load close and turning with the feet instead of twisting the spine. Lifting aids are used whenever possible.
답: C · Get medical assessment and report the assault according to policy
Workplace violence should always be reported. Reporting allows care for the injured staff member, review of risks and changes to the patient’s care plan to protect staff and other patients.
답: A · Lifelong vitamin B12 replacement
Intrinsic factor from the stomach is needed to absorb vitamin B12 in the ileum. After a total gastrectomy, B12 must be replaced for life, usually by injection, to prevent macrocytic anemia and nerve damage.확인 출처: Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency anaemia - Causes · NHS (2023); Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2026)
답: A · Hold the drug and arrange an urgent white cell and neutrophil count
Methimazole and propylthiouracil can cause agranulocytosis, often in the first months of therapy. Fever or sore throat must be reported at once; the drug is held and a CBC with differential is checked. Infection is treated urgently if neutrophils are low.
답: C · A person must be assumed to have capacity unless it is shown that they lack it
The Act begins by presuming capacity. Capacity is decision-specific and time-specific, and people must be given all practicable help to make their own decision.
답: C · Airway swelling from inhalation injury
These signs suggest inhalation injury, which can cause rapid airway swelling and obstruction. Early senior anaesthetic review is needed, as early intubation may be required. Carbon monoxide poisoning must also be considered.
답: D · Wear the compression stockings as advised and walk regularly
After varicose vein treatment, patients are encouraged to walk regularly and wear compression as instructed to reduce bruising, swelling and DVT risk. They avoid standing still or sitting for long periods and elevate the legs when resting.
답: B · Dullness to percussion on the affected side
Blood in the pleural space gives a dull percussion note, whereas air gives hyper-resonance. In haemothorax the neck veins are often flat because of blood loss; in tension pneumothorax they are distended. A massive haemothorax needs a large chest drain, blood replacement and surgical review.
답: A · The right hypoglossal nerve (XII)
With a lower motor neuron lesion of the hypoglossal nerve, the tongue deviates towards the side of the lesion, because the healthy muscles push it across. Wasting and fasciculation of that side may also be seen.
답: A · Monitor glucose closely and tell the prescriber about the hypo risk
The insulin will lower glucose without the carbohydrate it was meant to cover, so a hypo is likely. The nurse checks glucose often, offers carbohydrate the patient can keep down and escalates; IV glucose may be needed.
답: D · Treatment before the main treatment, often to shrink the tumour
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy is given before surgery to shrink the tumour, which may make surgery easier or allow less extensive surgery. Adjuvant therapy follows surgery.
답: A · A patient with cirrhosis who is newly confused and drowsy
New confusion and drowsiness in cirrhosis may be hepatic encephalopathy with a precipitant such as bleeding or infection, and the airway may be at risk. The others are stable.
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