공식 모음, 모든 주제의 핵심 풀이 단계, 연습 문제 14개가 들어 있으며 전체 풀이는 맨 뒤에 있습니다.
A nurse teaches a patient with COPD pursed-lip breathing. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
심부전 환자가 숨이 차고 양쪽 폐에서 수포음이 들립니다. 올바른 조치 순서는 무엇인가요?
A nurse wants to set up a sterile field in the morning for a procedure that will take place after lunch. What is correct?
A patient’s white cell differential shows a raised number of band (immature) neutrophils, called a “shift to the left”. What does this usually suggest?
오늘 환자의 공복 혈당은 98 mg/dL(5.4 mmol/L)이지만 HbA1c는 8.9%(74 mmol/mol)입니다. 가장 좋은 해석은 무엇인가요?
An RN cares for a patient on a 24-hour urine collection. Which task can be delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP), such as a nursing or healthcare assistant?
A patient with pneumonia is breathless and coughing up thick sputum. Which nursing measure helps most with breathing?
A patient with poorly controlled hyperthyroidism develops a high fever, very fast heart rate, agitation and vomiting during an infection. What is likely?
A nurse measures blood pressure on a large upper arm using a cuff that is too small. What effect will this have?
A nurse phones the doctor about a patient with pneumonia whose observations are worsening. Using SBAR, which statement is the clearest "recommendation"?
A patient is starting nitrofurantoin for a UTI. Which teaching point is correct?
A patient received IV insulin and glucose for hyperkalaemia an hour ago. What must the nurse monitor over the next few hours?
What are anticipatory ("just in case") medicines at the end of life usually prescribed for?
During preoperative assessment, a patient says their brother had a "very high fever" during an anaesthetic. What is the most important action?
답: A · “I will breathe in through my mouth and out quickly through my nose.”
Pursed-lip breathing means breathing in through the nose and out slowly through pursed lips, making exhalation longer. This keeps airways open and reduces air trapping.
답: C · 앉히고, 처방에 따라 산소를 주고, 그다음 의료인에게 연락한다
똑바로 앉으면 심장으로 돌아오는 혈액이 줄어 호흡이 편해지고, 산소는 저산소증을 치료합니다. 그다음 의료인에게 연락하고 이뇨제를 준비합니다. 평평하게 눕거나 정맥 수액을 주면 폐울혈이 악화됩니다.
답: C · Set it up just before the procedure, because a waiting field may become contaminated
The longer a sterile field is exposed, the more likely it is to be contaminated, and an unattended field cannot be considered sterile. It is prepared just before use.
답: D · An acute bacterial infection
In acute bacterial infection, the bone marrow releases neutrophils before they mature, raising the proportion of bands. Allergies and parasites raise eosinophils, and viral infections more often raise lymphocytes.
답: B · 지난 2~3개월 동안 혈당 조절이 좋지 않았다
HbA1c는 약 2~3개월간의 평균 혈당을 보여 줍니다. 한 번의 정상 공복 혈당은 장기 조절을 보여 주지 않습니다. HbA1c 8.9%는 7% 미만 같은 일반적인 목표를 훨씬 넘습니다.확인 출처: Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) Test · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
답: D · Saving all urine in the collection container as instructed
UAP can help with routine, standard tasks such as saving urine and keeping the container cool as instructed. Teaching, clinical decisions and interpreting results require nursing judgment and stay with the RN.확인 출처: 24-Hour Urine Collection and Analysis · StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) (2024)
답: B · Sitting the patient upright and supporting them to clear secretions
An upright position improves lung expansion, and adequate fluids, deep breathing and coughing help clear sputum. Oxygen is given to target saturations if needed.
답: D · Thyroid storm
Thyroid storm is a life-threatening worsening of hyperthyroidism, often triggered by infection or surgery. It needs urgent treatment with cooling, beta-blockade and antithyroid drugs.
답: B · The reading will be falsely high
A cuff that is too small needs a higher pressure to compress the brachial artery, giving a falsely high reading. A cuff that is too large can give a falsely low reading. The bladder should encircle most of the arm, so cuff size is chosen by arm circumference.
답: C · "I think he may have sepsis; please review him within 30 minutes."
In SBAR, the recommendation states clearly what the nurse needs and how quickly, such as a review within a set time. The other statements belong to situation, background and assessment. Structured communication reduces delays in escalation.
답: B · It may turn the urine dark yellow or brown
Nitrofurantoin can make urine dark yellow or brown, which is harmless. Taking it with food reduces nausea. Patients should report breathlessness, cough or tingling, which are rare but serious effects.
답: D · Capillary glucose, for hypoglycaemia
Hypoglycaemia is a common complication of insulin–glucose treatment and can occur several hours later, especially in kidney failure. Glucose is checked regularly according to protocol, and potassium is rechecked.
답: B · Pain, nausea, agitation and respiratory secretions
Anticipatory medicines are prescribed in advance, usually for subcutaneous use, so that common end-of-life symptoms can be treated quickly without delay, especially at home.
답: B · Inform the anaesthetist, as malignant hyperthermia may run in the family
Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility is inherited. The anaesthetist plans a trigger-free anaesthetic, avoiding volatile agents and suxamethonium, and the family may be referred for testing.
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