1.Prioritetų nustatymas ir delegavimasVidutinis
A patient had a colostomy formed yesterday. Which stoma appearance should be reported straight away?
- ADark purple or black
- BSlightly swollen
- CA little bleeding when cleaned
- DMoist and pink-red
2.Prioritetų nustatymas ir delegavimasSunkus
Which finding after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy is expected and needs only reassurance and comfort measures?
- AA heart rate of 125/min with a falling blood pressure
- BRight shoulder pain from the gas used during surgery
- CIncreasing abdominal pain with a temperature of 39 °C
- DYellow skin with dark urine on the second day
3.Infekcijų kontrolė ir pacientų saugaVidutinis
Why can side rails be dangerous for a confused, restless patient?
- ASide rails always cause pressure injuries
- BSide rails make the bed move by itself
- CThe patient may climb over them or get trapped in gaps
- DSide rails stop staff from reaching the patient in an emergency
4.Infekcijų kontrolė ir pacientų saugaSunkus
A patient on long-term high-dose corticosteroids asks for the nasal spray influenza vaccine. What should the nurse explain?
- APeople on steroids should never have any influenza vaccine
- BThe nasal spray is a live vaccine, so the injected inactivated vaccine is used instead
- CThe nasal spray is the best choice for people on steroids, because it is not injected
- DEither type is fine, as long as it is given in the morning
5.Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitaiVidutinis
Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an oral potassium chloride supplement?
- AUse a salt substitute as well, so less of the tablet is needed each day
- BCrush the extended-release tablets and mix them with a little water if needed
- CTake it with food and a full glass of water, and do not crush extended-release tablets
- DTake it on an empty stomach with only a small sip of water to speed absorption
6.Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitaiSunkus
Pacientas, sergantis lėtine hiponatremija (natris 118 mEq/L), gydomas. Kodėl natrį reikia didinti lėtai?
- AGreita korekcija sukelia hipokalemiją, kuri yra vienintelė rizika
- BGali atsirasti osmosinė demielinizacija – sunkus smegenų pažeidimas
- CLėta korekcija reikalinga tik ligoninės išlaidoms sumažinti
- DDėl greitos korekcijos natris vėl dar labiau nukrinta
7.Klinikinė slaugaVidutinis
What is one advantage of a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) such as apixaban compared with warfarin?
- AIt never interacts with other drugs
- BIt has no risk of bleeding
- CIt does not need routine INR monitoring
- DIt is safe in all patients with severe kidney failure
8.Klinikinė slaugaSunkus
An adult with capacity refuses a blood transfusion for religious reasons, even though it may save their life. What should the nurse do?
- ARespect the refusal, check it is informed and document it, and inform the team
- BAsk a family member to consent instead
- CSedate the patient so the transfusion can be given
- DGive the transfusion while the patient is asleep, as it is in their best interests
9.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemosVidutinis
A patient on home oxygen has dry, sore lips. Which product is safest to use?
- APetroleum jelly
- BAn alcohol-based gel
- CAn oil-based balm
- DA water-based lubricant
10.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemosSunkus
A patient with a large pericardial effusion has a systolic pressure that falls by more than 10 mmHg during inspiration. What is this finding called?
- AA collapsing pulse
- BPulsus alternans
- CA pulse deficit
- DPulsus paradoxus
11.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: nervų, endokrininė ir inkstų sistemosVidutinis
A nurse is teaching a patient going home after a mild concussion. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"Someone will stay with me for the first night."
- B"I will return if my headache gets steadily worse."
- C"I will come back if I start vomiting again and again."
- D"A few drinks tonight will help me relax and sleep."
12.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: nervų, endokrininė ir inkstų sistemosSunkus
A patient with a subarachnoid haemorrhage develops a low sodium. Why is fluid restriction usually avoided in this patient?
- ALow sodium in this condition always corrects itself
- BLow blood volume can worsen vasospasm and brain ischaemia
- CFluid restriction would cause the aneurysm to re-bleed
- DFluid restriction raises the risk of seizures
13.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: virškinimo trakto, perioperacinė ir onkologinėVidutinis
Which statement about moist wound healing is correct?
- AA wet wound bed always prevents infection
- BWounds should be soaked in water for hours every day
- CWounds heal fastest when left to dry out and form a scab
- DA moist, not wet, wound bed helps cells move and heal faster
14.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: virškinimo trakto, perioperacinė ir onkologinėSunkus
On day 5 after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes breathless, with sharp chest pain on breathing in, a pulse of 120/min and SpO₂ 89%. What should the nurse suspect and do first?
- AAnxiety; give reassurance and repeat the observations in an hour's time
- BSimple atelectasis; encourage walking around the ward
- CWound infection; take a wound swab and wait for results
- DPulmonary embolism; sit up, give oxygen and call for urgent help