NCLEX tipo prioritetų nustatymas ir delegavimas: pasiruošimo paketas

An older patient with dementia is restless at night and keeps trying to get out of bed. Which measure should the nurse try first?

1. AGive a sedative from the as-needed list without first assessing the patient
2. BRaise all four bed rails so the patient cannot climb out
3. CCheck for pain, thirst or a full bladder, and offer toileting
4. DApply wrist restraints for the rest of the night

A patient with MRSA in a wound is on contact precautions. Which instruction to the nursing assistant is correct?

1. AWear a gown and gloves for contact with the patient or the room, and use dedicated equipment
2. BOnly wear gloves when touching the wound itself; skin and bedding are safe
3. CWear a respirator mask in the room, because MRSA in a wound spreads through the air to others
4. DNo special precautions are needed if the wound is covered with a dressing

A colleague has drawn up a medication and asks the nurse to give it to her patient. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive it, and document that the colleague prepared it
2. BGive it, because the colleague is experienced
3. CDecline, and give only medications that the nurse prepared or checked personally
4. DGive it, as long as the syringe has a label with the drug name on it

During a disaster, the hospital needs to free beds quickly. Which patient is the best candidate for early discharge?

1. AA patient on an IV heparin infusion that is still being adjusted
2. BA patient with ongoing chest pain awaiting cardiac tests
3. CA patient on a ventilator in the intensive care unit who is slowly improving
4. DA patient admitted overnight for observation who is now stable with normal tests

A patient with diabetes is found unconscious with a blood glucose of 38 mg/dL (2,1 mmol/L). Which treatment is appropriate?

1. AOrange juice poured slowly into the patient's mouth
2. BGlucagon by injection, or IV dextrose as prescribed
3. CGlucose tablets placed between the patient's teeth
4. DA dose of rapid-acting insulin to stabilize the glucose

The nurse teaches a patient with thrombocytopenia (platelets 25 × 10³/µL) about home safety. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll use a soft-bristled toothbrush"
2. B"I'll take aspirin if I get a headache"
3. C"I'll blow my nose gently, not forcefully"
4. D"I'll use an electric razor to shave"

What is the main benefit of pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD?

1. ANo further need for inhalers
2. BBetter exercise capacity and quality of life
3. CReversal of the lung damage caused by smoking
4. DA cure for the disease within months

A patient taking regular ibuprofen suddenly develops severe upper abdominal pain, a rigid abdomen and becomes tachycardic. What is most likely?

1. AIndigestion that will settle with antacids
2. BA perforated peptic ulcer
3. CConstipation
4. DIrritable bowel syndrome

A patient who had a stroke has a weak swallow. Which measure most reduces the risk of aspiration pneumonia?

1. AGiving meals while the patient is drowsy
2. BGiving thin fluids quickly through a straw between meals
3. CLying flat for 30 minutes after eating to aid digestion
4. DA swallowing assessment and sitting upright for meals

A 70-year-old man has a small abdominal aortic aneurysm found on screening and is placed under surveillance. Which advice is most important?

1. AHave the aneurysm repaired immediately, whatever its size or growth rate
2. BStop smoking, control BP and seek help at once for sudden back pain
3. CStop all blood pressure medicines to avoid low pressure
4. DAvoid all exercise and lifting for the rest of his life to protect the aorta

A patient who has had type 1 diabetes for 30 years says they no longer feel the warning signs of a hypo. What is this called?

1. AHypoglycaemia unawareness
2. BInsulin resistance
3. CDiabetic ketoacidosis
4. DThe dawn phenomenon

A patient with a cervical spinal cord injury is helped to sit up for the first time. They become dizzy and pale, and the BP falls from 110/70 to 78/46 mmHg. What should the nurse do?

1. ALower the patient back towards lying, then raise them gradually later
2. BContinue sitting them upright, because it will pass in an hour
3. CStand the patient up to improve the blood flow to the legs
4. DGive a large meal and a strong coffee to raise the blood pressure

Which lifestyle change most improves the course of Crohn's disease?

1. ADrinking more coffee
2. BStopping smoking
3. CEating more red meat
4. DAvoiding all exercise

A patient with a permanent pacemaker is booked for surgery using monopolar diathermy. Why must the team know?

1. APacemakers stop all bleeding during surgery
2. BThe pacemaker will always be removed during surgery
3. CThe patient cannot have any anaesthetic at all
4. DDiathermy can interfere with the pacemaker's function