How are neuromuscular blocking drugs, such as vecuronium, safely stored?
AIn the general stock cupboard with the other IV drugs and no special labels
BSeparate from other drugs, with a warning that they cause paralysis
CMixed in the same bin as other high-use drugs
DNext to common IV antibiotics so they are easy to find
2.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSukar
A nurse finds an unknown liquid leaking from a container in the utility room, with a strong smell. What should the nurse do first?
ALeave the area, keep others out and alert the trained response team
BMop it up with paper towels
CPour water over it to dilute it
DMove closer and smell it carefully to identify what the substance is
3.Asas kejururawatanSederhana
A patient with right-sided weakness is moving from bed to chair. Where should the chair be placed?
AOn the patient's left side, close to the bed
BAt the foot of the bed facing away
CAcross the room so the patient can practise walking
DOn the patient's right side, close to the bed
4.Asas kejururawatanSukar
Under the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (England and Wales), a patient with capacity makes a decision staff think is unwise. What follows?
AAn unwise decision on its own proves that the person lacks capacity
BStaff may override any decision they think is unwise
CThe family must be asked to make the decision instead
DAn unwise decision alone does not mean the person lacks capacity
5.MikrobiologiSederhana
Toxoplasma gondii merupakan risiko semasa kehamilan. Nasihat manakah yang mengurangkan pendedahan?
AElakkan membersihkan najis kucing dan elakkan daging yang kurang masak
BElakkan sentuhan dengan anjing
CElakkan kolam renang dan semua kawasan mandi awam yang lain
DElakkan semua buah-buahan dan sayur-sayuran
6.MikrobiologiSukar
Seorang kanak-kanak mengalami cirit-birit berdarah selepas makan burger yang kurang masak, kemudian seminggu selepas itu mengalami kegagalan buah pinggang, anemia dan kiraan platelet rendah. Organisma manakah yang paling berkemungkinan?
AClostridium perfringens
BStaphylococcus aureus
CE. coli penghasil toksin Shiga seperti O157:H7
DRotavirus
3Larutan
1.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakit
Jawapan: B · Separate from other drugs, with a warning that they cause paralysis
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Neuromuscular blockers stop breathing. They are stored apart from other drugs, often in sealed or colored containers with warnings such as “Paralyzing agent: causes respiratory arrest”.
Jawapan
B · Separate from other drugs, with a warning that they cause paralysis
2.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakit
Jawapan: A · Leave the area, keep others out and alert the trained response team
Mengapa ini jawapannya
An unknown chemical spill may be toxic or flammable. The nurse moves people away, prevents entry and calls the designated hazardous materials team, who check the Safety Data Sheet and use the right equipment.
Jawapan
A · Leave the area, keep others out and alert the trained response team
3.Asas kejururawatan
Jawapan: A · On the patient's left side, close to the bed
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Placing the chair on the strong side lets the patient pivot and bear weight on the stronger leg, making the transfer safer.
Jawapan
A · On the patient's left side, close to the bed
4.Asas kejururawatan
Jawapan: D · An unwise decision alone does not mean the person lacks capacity
Mengapa ini jawapannya
One of the Act's principles is that a person is not treated as lacking capacity just because they make an unwise decision. Staff can explain risks, but the decision is the patient's.
Jawapan
D · An unwise decision alone does not mean the person lacks capacity
5.Mikrobiologi
Jawapan: A · Elakkan membersihkan najis kucing dan elakkan daging yang kurang masak
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Ookista Toxoplasma dikeluarkan dalam najis kucing dan sista terdapat dalam daging yang kurang masak. Jangkitan semasa kehamilan boleh merosakkan otak dan mata janin.
Jawapan
A · Elakkan membersihkan najis kucing dan elakkan daging yang kurang masak
6.Mikrobiologi
Jawapan: C · E. coli penghasil toksin Shiga seperti O157:H7
Mengapa ini jawapannya
E. coli penghasil toksin Shiga merosakkan usus dan salur darah kecil buah pinggang, menyebabkan sindrom uremia hemolitik. Lembu ialah reservoir, maka daging cincang yang kurang masak ialah sumber klasik.
Jawapan
C · E. coli penghasil toksin Shiga seperti O157:H7