Kejururawatan Kesihatan Mental: pek ulang kaji kilat

Lembaran formula, langkah kaedah utama untuk setiap topik dan 6 soalan latihan, dengan penyelesaian penuh di bahagian belakang.

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1Formula dan kaedah

Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Kaedah

  1. Tentukan sama ada terdapat risiko segera: bunuh diri, keganasan, kecemasan akibat ubat atau penyakit fizikal.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan dahulu: perhatikan, alihkan alat yang boleh digunakan, redakan ketegangan, hentikan ubat yang berbahaya, dapatkan bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, kemukakan realiti, elakkan jaminan palsu dan soalan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak: pilihan yang paling kurang menyekat, persetujuan dan kerahsiaan beserta hadnya.

2Soalan latihan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSederhana

Which nursing action at mealtimes is most appropriate for a patient with anorexia nervosa?

  1. ALet the patient eat alone in her room for privacy
  2. BSupervise the meal and observe the patient for an agreed period afterwards
  3. CTalk with the patient at length about calories during the meal
  4. DAllow the patient to choose to skip meals if she says she feels full or unwell
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSukar

A mother with suspected postpartum psychosis says her newborn baby is "evil" and "must be stopped". What is the priority?

  1. AEncourage her to spend more time alone with the baby so that they can bond
  2. BPlan a routine follow-up appointment with the health visitor in 2 weeks
  3. CReassure her that all new mothers feel this way
  4. DKeep the baby safe, never alone with her, and arrange urgent assessment
3.Psikologi klinikalSederhana

Seorang pesakit berasa sangat bimbang menghidap penyakit serius walaupun mempunyai sedikit atau tiada gejala badan dan ujian normal berulang kali. Diagnosis manakah yang paling sesuai?

  1. AGangguan buat-buat (factitious)
  2. BGangguan kebimbangan penyakit
  3. CGangguan gejala somatik
  4. DGangguan gejala neurologi fungsian
4.Psikologi klinikalSukar

Ketidakberdayaan yang dipelajari (Seligman) dicadangkan sebagai model bagi:

  1. ASkizofrenia
  2. BFobia spesifik
  3. CGangguan spektrum autisme
  4. DKemurungan
5.FarmakologiSederhana

Which adverse effect of ciprofloxacin should a patient report at once?

  1. AMild tiredness in the first few days
  2. BDarker stools than usual
  3. CA slightly bitter or metallic taste for a while after each dose
  4. DPain or swelling in a tendon, such as the Achilles tendon
6.FarmakologiSukar

A patient taking azathioprine is prescribed allopurinol for gout. What is the main danger?

  1. ALiver enzyme induction, making azathioprine ineffective
  2. BSevere bone marrow suppression, because azathioprine breakdown is reduced
  3. CSevere hypertension from the combination
  4. DGout becomes worse because allopurinol is inactivated by azathioprine

3Larutan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: B · Supervise the meal and observe the patient for an agreed period afterwards

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Supervised meals and observation afterwards reduce hiding or discarding food, vomiting and excessive exercise. Mealtimes should be calm, with conversation that is not focused on food or weight.

Jawapan

B · Supervise the meal and observe the patient for an agreed period afterwards
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: D · Keep the baby safe, never alone with her, and arrange urgent assessment

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Postpartum psychosis with delusions about the baby carries a risk of harm to the infant and to the mother. The baby must be kept safe and the mother assessed urgently, usually with admission.

Jawapan

D · Keep the baby safe, never alone with her, and arrange urgent assessment
3.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: B · Gangguan kebimbangan penyakit

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Gangguan kebimbangan penyakit melibatkan keasyikan dengan menghidap atau mendapat penyakit serius dengan gejala somatik yang minimum. Gangguan gejala somatik berpusat pada gejala yang menyusahkan dan pemikiran berlebihan tentangnya.

Jawapan

B · Gangguan kebimbangan penyakit
4.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: D · Kemurungan

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Selepas peristiwa aversif yang tidak terkawal, haiwan dan manusia mungkin berhenti berusaha walaupun peluang melarikan diri ada, menyerupai kepasifan dan keputusasaan dalam kemurungan.

Jawapan

D · Kemurungan
5.Farmakologi

Jawapan: D · Pain or swelling in a tendon, such as the Achilles tendon

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Fluoroquinolones can cause tendinitis and tendon rupture. Patients should stop exercise and report tendon pain promptly.

Jawapan

D · Pain or swelling in a tendon, such as the Achilles tendon
6.Farmakologi

Jawapan: B · Severe bone marrow suppression, because azathioprine breakdown is reduced

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Azathioprine is converted to mercaptopurine, which is partly inactivated by xanthine oxidase. Allopurinol blocks this enzyme, so levels rise and dangerous myelosuppression can occur unless the dose is greatly reduced or the combination avoided.

Jawapan

B · Severe bone marrow suppression, because azathioprine breakdown is reduced

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing