Kejururawatan Kesihatan Mental: pek ulang kaji kilat

Lembaran formula, langkah kaedah utama untuk setiap topik dan 6 soalan latihan, dengan penyelesaian penuh di bahagian belakang.

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1Formula dan kaedah

Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Kaedah

  1. Tentukan sama ada terdapat risiko segera: bunuh diri, keganasan, kecemasan akibat ubat atau penyakit fizikal.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan dahulu: perhatikan, alihkan alat yang boleh digunakan, redakan ketegangan, hentikan ubat yang berbahaya, dapatkan bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, kemukakan realiti, elakkan jaminan palsu dan soalan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak: pilihan yang paling kurang menyekat, persetujuan dan kerahsiaan beserta hadnya.

2Soalan latihan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSederhana

Which risk applies when antipsychotics are used in older people with dementia?

  1. AA lower risk of falls than with no medicine at all
  2. BAn increased risk of stroke and death
  3. CImproved memory within a few days
  4. DA guaranteed cure of the dementia
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSukar

A patient with PTSD is having a nightmare and thrashing in bed. What is the safest way for the nurse to wake him?

  1. AHold his arms down firmly so that he cannot hit anyone or hurt himself while he is still asleep
  2. BTurn on all the lights and shout loudly so that he wakes up quickly
  3. CShake him firmly by the shoulders until he is fully awake
  4. DStand at a safe distance, say his name clearly and tell him where he is
3.Psikologi klinikalSederhana

Gangguan personaliti manakah yang ditandai oleh ketidakstabilan dalam hubungan, imej diri dan emosi, bersama impulsif yang ketara?

  1. AGangguan personaliti narsisistik
  2. BGangguan personaliti mengelak
  3. CGangguan personaliti ambang (borderline)
  4. DGangguan personaliti skizoid
4.Psikologi klinikalSukar

Seorang pelajar percaya "Jika saya tidak sempurna, saya tidak bernilai." Dalam model Beck, kepercayaan ini paling tepat dikelaskan sebagai:

  1. AGejala negatif skizofrenia
  2. BAndaian tidak berfungsi atau kepercayaan teras yang menjadikan seseorang rentan
  3. CHalusinasi yang memerlukan antipsikotik
  4. DMekanisme pertahanan yang dipanggil sublimasi, yang menyalurkan kesusahan ke dalam kerja yang dihargai masyarakat
5.FarmakologiSederhana

In which patient is bupropion contraindicated?

  1. AA patient with a seizure disorder or an eating disorder
  2. BA patient who wants to stop smoking
  3. CA patient with seasonal allergies
  4. DA patient with high blood cholesterol and a family history of it
6.FarmakologiSukar

A breastfeeding mother needs a mild analgesic. Which drug is generally considered compatible with breastfeeding?

  1. AAspirin
  2. BParacetamol (acetaminophen)
  3. CPethidine (meperidine)
  4. DCodeine (as co-codamol)

3Larutan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: B · An increased risk of stroke and death

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Antipsychotics in older people with dementia are linked to increased rates of stroke and death. They are used only when non-drug approaches have failed and distress or risk is severe, at the lowest dose for the shortest time.

Jawapan

B · An increased risk of stroke and death
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: D · Stand at a safe distance, say his name clearly and tell him where he is

Mengapa ini jawapannya

A person waking from a trauma nightmare may react defensively. Staying out of reach, using the person's name and orienting him to time and place keeps both the patient and staff safe.

Jawapan

D · Stand at a safe distance, say his name clearly and tell him where he is
3.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: C · Gangguan personaliti ambang (borderline)

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Gangguan personaliti ambang melibatkan hubungan dan identiti yang tidak stabil, ketidakstabilan afektif, ketakutan ditinggalkan, impulsif dan mencederakan diri berulang. DBT ialah rawatan yang disokong dengan baik.

Jawapan

C · Gangguan personaliti ambang (borderline)
4.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: B · Andaian tidak berfungsi atau kepercayaan teras yang menjadikan seseorang rentan

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Beck membezakan pemikiran automatik negatif di permukaan daripada skema yang lebih mendalam dan andaian bersyarat. Kepercayaan sedemikian kekal dorman sehingga diaktifkan oleh penekan yang sepadan, seperti kegagalan.

Jawapan

B · Andaian tidak berfungsi atau kepercayaan teras yang menjadikan seseorang rentan
5.Farmakologi

Jawapan: A · A patient with a seizure disorder or an eating disorder

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Bupropion increases the risk of seizures, especially with bulimia or anorexia, where electrolyte disturbances are common. It is used for depression and as a smoking cessation aid.

Jawapan

A · A patient with a seizure disorder or an eating disorder
6.Farmakologi

Jawapan: B · Paracetamol (acetaminophen)

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Paracetamol passes into milk in small amounts and is widely regarded as safe. Codeine can cause dangerous opioid levels in babies of ultra-rapid metaboliser mothers, aspirin carries a Reye's risk and pethidine's metabolite accumulates in infants.

Jawapan

B · Paracetamol (acetaminophen)

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing