Kejururawatan Kesihatan Mental: pek ulang kaji kilat

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1Formula dan kaedah

Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Kaedah

  1. Tentukan sama ada terdapat risiko segera: bunuh diri, keganasan, kecemasan akibat ubat atau penyakit fizikal.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan dahulu: perhatikan, alihkan alat yang boleh digunakan, redakan ketegangan, hentikan ubat yang berbahaya, dapatkan bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, kemukakan realiti, elakkan jaminan palsu dan soalan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak: pilihan yang paling kurang menyekat, persetujuan dan kerahsiaan beserta hadnya.

2Soalan latihan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSederhana

In families of people with schizophrenia, which pattern of "high expressed emotion" is linked to a higher rate of relapse?

  1. ACalm, supportive and warm communication
  2. BEncouraging the patient to take part in activities
  3. CFrequent criticism, hostility and emotional over-involvement
  4. DRegular contact with the care team and other families
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSukar

Verbal de-escalation has failed, and a patient picks up a chair and threatens to throw it at the nurse. What should the nurse do first?

  1. AKeep a safe distance, call for help and avoid trying to take the chair alone
  2. BShout loudly at the patient to put the chair down at once, so that he knows the nurse is in charge
  3. CGrab the chair from the patient quickly before he can use it
  4. DTurn her back and walk away slowly without saying anything
3.Psikologi klinikalSederhana

Terapi kognitif berasaskan kesedaran penuh (MBCT) mempunyai bukti terbaik untuk:

  1. AMenyembuhkan demensia
  2. BMerawat psikosis akut
  3. CMerawat masalah perhatian pada kanak-kanak kecil yang mengidap ADHD
  4. DMencegah kambuh pada orang yang mengalami kemurungan berulang
4.Psikologi klinikalSukar

Seorang lelaki berkata seorang penyanyi terkenal diam-diam jatuh cinta kepadanya dan menghantar mesej berkod melalui lagunya. Selain itu, pemikiran dan tingkah lakunya normal, tanpa halusinasi. Diagnosis manakah yang paling sesuai?

  1. AGangguan personaliti narsisistik
  2. BGangguan bipolar dengan mania
  3. CSkizofrenia, jenis paranoid
  4. DGangguan delusi, jenis erotomanik
5.FarmakologiSederhana

Why is a progestogen added to oestrogen in hormone replacement therapy for a woman who still has her uterus?

  1. ATo prevent breast cancer completely
  2. BTo reduce hot flushes much more than oestrogen alone can
  3. CTo lower the risk of blood clots to zero
  4. DTo protect against endometrial hyperplasia and cancer
6.FarmakologiSukar

A patient who has taken lorazepam daily for many months stops it suddenly. Which serious complication may follow?

  1. ASevere bradycardia
  2. BWithdrawal seizures
  3. CPinpoint pupils and coma
  4. DProfound respiratory depression

3Larutan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: C · Frequent criticism, hostility and emotional over-involvement

Mengapa ini jawapannya

High expressed emotion, including criticism, hostility and over-involvement, is associated with relapse. Family psychoeducation and support can reduce it.

Jawapan

C · Frequent criticism, hostility and emotional over-involvement
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: A · Keep a safe distance, call for help and avoid trying to take the chair alone

Mengapa ini jawapannya

When a patient is imminently violent, the nurse protects herself and others, keeps an exit route and summons a trained team. Acting alone risks injury to everyone involved.

Jawapan

A · Keep a safe distance, call for help and avoid trying to take the chair alone
3.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: D · Mencegah kambuh pada orang yang mengalami kemurungan berulang

Mengapa ini jawapannya

MBCT menggabungkan amalan kesedaran penuh dengan terapi kognitif. Ujian menunjukkan ia mengurangkan kambuh pada orang yang pernah mengalami tiga atau lebih episod kemurungan.

Jawapan

D · Mencegah kambuh pada orang yang mengalami kemurungan berulang
4.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: D · Gangguan delusi, jenis erotomanik

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Gangguan delusi melibatkan satu atau lebih delusi sekurang-kurangnya sebulan tanpa memenuhi kriteria skizofrenia, dan fungsi tidak terjejas dengan ketara selain daripada delusi itu. Delusi erotomanik ialah tentang orang lain yang jatuh cinta kepada pesakit.

Jawapan

D · Gangguan delusi, jenis erotomanik
5.Farmakologi

Jawapan: D · To protect against endometrial hyperplasia and cancer

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Oestrogen alone causes endometrial proliferation and increases the risk of endometrial cancer. A progestogen protects the endometrium; women without a uterus can take oestrogen alone.

Jawapan

D · To protect against endometrial hyperplasia and cancer
6.Farmakologi

Jawapan: B · Withdrawal seizures

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Abrupt withdrawal after long-term benzodiazepine use causes anxiety, insomnia, tremor and sometimes seizures. Long-term users should have the dose tapered gradually.

Jawapan

B · Withdrawal seizures

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing