Kejururawatan Kesihatan Mental: pek ulang kaji kilat

Lembaran formula, langkah kaedah utama untuk setiap topik dan 6 soalan latihan, dengan penyelesaian penuh di bahagian belakang.

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1Formula dan kaedah

Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Kaedah

  1. Tentukan sama ada terdapat risiko segera: bunuh diri, keganasan, kecemasan akibat ubat atau penyakit fizikal.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan dahulu: perhatikan, alihkan alat yang boleh digunakan, redakan ketegangan, hentikan ubat yang berbahaya, dapatkan bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, kemukakan realiti, elakkan jaminan palsu dan soalan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak: pilihan yang paling kurang menyekat, persetujuan dan kerahsiaan beserta hadnya.

2Soalan latihan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSederhana

Why is giving approval, such as saying "That's good" about a patient's decision, considered non-therapeutic?

  1. AIt suggests that the patient's choices are judged against the nurse's standards
  2. BIt always makes the patient angry and more likely to become aggressive towards staff
  3. CIt is against the law in mental health settings
  4. DIt shows that the nurse is not listening at all
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSukar

A child has been admitted several times with unexplained fevers that only happen when her mother is present. Staff see the mother tampering with the child's IV line. What is the priority action?

  1. AEnsure the child's safety and follow child protection procedures
  2. BDischarge the child home with the mother as soon as possible
  3. CDiscuss the matter with the mother alone and ask her to stop
  4. DDocument the event carefully in the notes and wait to see whether it happens again before telling anyone else
3.Psikologi klinikalSederhana

Yang manakah kritikan utama terhadap pentakrifan ketidaknormalan sebagai penyimpangan daripada norma sosial?

  1. AIa hanya terpakai kepada kanak-kanak
  2. BIa memerlukan imbasan otak yang mahal
  3. CNorma berbeza merentasi budaya dan berubah mengikut masa
  4. DIa mengabaikan betapa jarang atau luar biasanya sesuatu tingkah laku secara statistik
4.Psikologi klinikalSukar

Seorang pesakit skizofrenia kekal tidak bergerak dalam postur janggal selama berjam-jam dan menentang percubaan untuk menggerakkannya. Kelompok gejala manakah yang diterangkan oleh ini?

  1. AKatatonia
  2. BDiskinesia tardif
  3. CPenyiaran pemikiran
  4. DAlogia
5.FarmakologiSederhana

Why is propranolol usually avoided in patients with asthma?

  1. AIt stimulates alpha-1 receptors in the airways and raises blood pressure
  2. BIt blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways and can cause bronchospasm
  3. CIt increases mucus production by blocking histamine
  4. DIt causes tolerance to inhaled corticosteroids
6.FarmakologiSukar

A patient who used cocaine has chest pain, agitation, a high temperature, sweating, tachycardia and dilated pupils. Which drug class is commonly first-line for the agitation and sympathetic overactivity?

  1. AOpioid antagonists
  2. BBenzodiazepines
  3. CAntihistamines
  4. DAnticholinergic drugs

3Larutan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: A · It suggests that the patient's choices are judged against the nurse's standards

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Approval can make the patient try to please the nurse rather than make their own decisions, and may suggest that the opposite choice would be "bad". Giving recognition or exploring the decision is preferred.

Jawapan

A · It suggests that the patient's choices are judged against the nurse's standards
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: A · Ensure the child's safety and follow child protection procedures

Mengapa ini jawapannya

This suggests factitious disorder imposed on another, which is a form of child abuse. The nurse protects the child and reports through safeguarding procedures. Confronting the parent alone can increase the risk to the child.

Jawapan

A · Ensure the child's safety and follow child protection procedures
3.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: C · Norma berbeza merentasi budaya dan berubah mengikut masa

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Norma sosial khusus kepada budaya dan zaman, jadi takrifan ini boleh melabel ketidakpatuhan yang tidak berbahaya sebagai gangguan dan telah digunakan untuk mewajarkan kawalan sosial.

Jawapan

C · Norma berbeza merentasi budaya dan berubah mengikut masa
4.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: A · Katatonia

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Ciri katatonik termasuk stupor, postur, kelenturan seperti lilin, kebisuan dan negativisme. Dalam DSM-5 katatonia boleh berlaku bersama skizofrenia, gangguan mood atau keadaan perubatan.

Jawapan

A · Katatonia
5.Farmakologi

Jawapan: B · It blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways and can cause bronchospasm

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Non-selective beta blockers block both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. Blocking beta-2 receptors in the bronchi removes their relaxing effect and can trigger severe bronchospasm.

Jawapan

B · It blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways and can cause bronchospasm
6.Farmakologi

Jawapan: B · Benzodiazepines

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Cocaine causes a sympathomimetic toxidrome. Benzodiazepines reduce agitation, tachycardia, hypertension and hyperthermia, while cooling and cardiac monitoring are also given.

Jawapan

B · Benzodiazepines

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing