Kejururawatan Kesihatan Mental: pek ulang kaji kilat

Lembaran formula, langkah kaedah utama untuk setiap topik dan 6 soalan latihan, dengan penyelesaian penuh di bahagian belakang.

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1Formula dan kaedah

Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Kaedah

  1. Tentukan sama ada terdapat risiko segera: bunuh diri, keganasan, kecemasan akibat ubat atau penyakit fizikal.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan dahulu: perhatikan, alihkan alat yang boleh digunakan, redakan ketegangan, hentikan ubat yang berbahaya, dapatkan bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, kemukakan realiti, elakkan jaminan palsu dan soalan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak: pilihan yang paling kurang menyekat, persetujuan dan kerahsiaan beserta hadnya.

2Soalan latihan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSederhana

Which side effects should the nurse monitor for in a patient starting donepezil?

  1. AWeight gain and high blood glucose
  2. BNausea, diarrhoea and a slow heart rate
  3. CDry mouth, constipation and urinary retention
  4. DTremor, thirst and passing large amounts of urine
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSukar

The nurse receives handover for four patients. Which patient should she see first?

  1. AA man with schizophrenia who is asking for his PRN laxative
  2. BA woman with anorexia nervosa who is due to be weighed and have her blood taken in two hours
  3. CA woman with bipolar disorder who wants to talk about her discharge plans for next week
  4. DA newly admitted man with depression who says he has given away his dog and written letters to his children
3.Psikologi klinikalSederhana

Menurut kewajipan yang ditetapkan dalam kes Tarasoff di California, seorang ahli terapi mungkin perlu:

  1. AMelaporkan setiap klien yang menyatakan kemarahan
  2. BEnggan merawat klien yang mempunyai sejarah keganasan
  3. CMengambil langkah melindungi individu yang dapat dikenal pasti yang diancam serius oleh klien
  4. DMerahsiakan semua maklumat dalam apa jua keadaan, walau apa pun risiko kepada orang lain
4.Psikologi klinikalSukar

Kajian "Little Albert" oleh Watson dan Rayner sering dipetik sebagai bukti bahawa:

  1. AFobia terutamanya diwarisi
  2. BFobia disebabkan oleh konflik tidak sedar yang ditekan
  3. CKetakutan hanya dipelajari dengan memerhati orang lain
  4. DKetakutan boleh diperoleh melalui pelaziman klasik
5.FarmakologiSederhana

How can the absorption of oral iron be improved?

  1. ATake it at the same time as an antacid to protect the stomach
  2. BTake it with a glass of milk
  3. CTake it with vitamin C, such as orange juice, on an empty stomach
  4. DTake it with a cup of strong tea
6.FarmakologiSukar

A man taking spironolactone for heart failure develops painful breast enlargement. Which change may be considered?

  1. ADoubling the spironolactone dose to overcome the side effect
  2. BAdding testosterone injections
  3. CSwitching to eplerenone, which has fewer anti-androgen effects
  4. DSwitching to potassium chloride tablets

3Larutan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: B · Nausea, diarrhoea and a slow heart rate

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Cholinesterase inhibitors increase cholinergic activity. Common effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and loss of appetite; bradycardia and fainting can also occur.

Jawapan

B · Nausea, diarrhoea and a slow heart rate
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: D · A newly admitted man with depression who says he has given away his dog and written letters to his children

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Giving away pets or possessions and writing goodbye letters are warning signs of a suicide plan. This patient needs immediate assessment; the others have needs that can safely wait a little.

Jawapan

D · A newly admitted man with depression who says he has given away his dog and written letters to his children
3.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: C · Mengambil langkah melindungi individu yang dapat dikenal pasti yang diancam serius oleh klien

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Keputusan Tarasoff memutuskan bahawa apabila klien menimbulkan bahaya keganasan yang serius kepada mangsa yang dapat dikenal pasti, ahli terapi mempunyai kewajipan mengambil langkah munasabah untuk melindungi orang itu.

Jawapan

C · Mengambil langkah melindungi individu yang dapat dikenal pasti yang diancam serius oleh klien
4.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: D · Ketakutan boleh diperoleh melalui pelaziman klasik

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Albert menjadi takut kepada tikus putih selepas ia dipasangkan berulang kali dengan bunyi kuat, dan ketakutan itu diitlakkan kepada objek yang serupa. Kajian ini kini dikritik atas alasan etika dan metodologi.

Jawapan

D · Ketakutan boleh diperoleh melalui pelaziman klasik
5.Farmakologi

Jawapan: C · Take it with vitamin C, such as orange juice, on an empty stomach

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Vitamin C keeps iron in its more absorbable ferrous form. Milk, antacids, tea and some antibiotics reduce iron absorption. If the stomach becomes upset, it may be taken with food, accepting lower absorption.

Jawapan

C · Take it with vitamin C, such as orange juice, on an empty stomach
6.Farmakologi

Jawapan: C · Switching to eplerenone, which has fewer anti-androgen effects

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Spironolactone has anti-androgenic and progestogenic effects that can cause gynaecomastia. Eplerenone is a more selective mineralocorticoid antagonist with a much lower risk of this effect.

Jawapan

C · Switching to eplerenone, which has fewer anti-androgen effects

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing