Hormati hak: pilihan yang paling kurang menyekat, persetujuan dan kerahsiaan beserta hadnya.
2Soalan latihan
1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSederhana
What is the main difference between disulfiram and naltrexone in alcohol dependence?
ADisulfiram reduces craving; naltrexone causes vomiting when alcohol is drunk
BBoth work in exactly the same way, so they are fully interchangeable
CDisulfiram causes an unpleasant reaction to alcohol; naltrexone reduces craving and reward
DNaltrexone is used only for alcohol withdrawal; disulfiram is used only for treating an alcohol overdose
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSukar
A woman who is being abused by her partner says she will not leave him. What is the most appropriate response?
ARespect her decision, give information about support services and help her make a safety plan
BTell her that she must leave him today or the nurse cannot help her
CCall her partner to discuss his behaviour with him
DTell her that if she stays and is hurt again, it will be her own fault because she was warned about the risks
3.Psikologi klinikalSederhana
Rawatan manakah yang disyorkan sebagai lini pertama untuk insomnia kronik pada orang dewasa?
ATerapi elektrokonvulsif
BTerapi tingkah laku kognitif untuk insomnia (CBT-I)
CPsikoanalisis
DBenzodiazepin atau ubat hipnotik lain setiap hari dalam jangka panjang
4.Psikologi klinikalSukar
Seorang pesakit warga emas menjadi keliru dalam tempoh dua hari selepas mula mengambil ubat baharu, dengan perhatian yang berubah sepanjang hari. Anak perempuannya berkata ingatannya normal minggu lepas. Apakah tafsiran yang paling sesuai?
APenyakit Alzheimer awal, yang memerlukan rujukan ke klinik ingatan
BPenuaan normal
CDelirium, yang memerlukan pencarian punca fizikal atau ubat
DSkizofrenia lewat bermula
5.FarmakologiSederhana
Before starting a TNF-alpha inhibitor such as adalimumab, which test is required?
AA glucose tolerance test
BScreening for latent tuberculosis
CAn echocardiogram in every patient
DA bone density scan
6.FarmakologiSukar
Dos intravena 500 mg memberi kepekatan plasma awal 10 mg/L. Berapakah isi padu pengagihan?
A5 L
B50 L
C5000 L
D500 L
3Larutan
1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental
Jawapan: C · Disulfiram causes an unpleasant reaction to alcohol; naltrexone reduces craving and reward
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Disulfiram blocks the breakdown of acetaldehyde, so drinking causes flushing, nausea and palpitations. Naltrexone blocks opioid receptors and reduces the pleasurable effect of alcohol.
Jawapan
C · Disulfiram causes an unpleasant reaction to alcohol; naltrexone reduces craving and reward
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental
Jawapan: A · Respect her decision, give information about support services and help her make a safety plan
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Adults have the right to make their own decisions. Many survivors leave and return several times. The nurse documents carefully, provides resources and a safety plan, and keeps the door open for future help.
Jawapan
A · Respect her decision, give information about support services and help her make a safety plan
3.Psikologi klinikal
Jawapan: B · Terapi tingkah laku kognitif untuk insomnia (CBT-I)
Mengapa ini jawapannya
CBT-I menggabungkan sekatan tidur, kawalan rangsangan, kebersihan tidur dan teknik kognitif. Ia mempunyai kesan yang berkekalan dan disyorkan sebelum ubat hipnotik.
Jawapan
B · Terapi tingkah laku kognitif untuk insomnia (CBT-I)
4.Psikologi klinikal
Jawapan: C · Delirium, yang memerlukan pencarian punca fizikal atau ubat
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Permulaan akut dengan perhatian yang berubah-ubah mencadangkan delirium, kecemasan perubatan dengan punca seperti ubat, jangkitan atau dehidrasi. Demensia berkembang secara beransur-ansur selama beberapa bulan hingga tahun.
Jawapan
C · Delirium, yang memerlukan pencarian punca fizikal atau ubat
5.Farmakologi
Jawapan: B · Screening for latent tuberculosis
Mengapa ini jawapannya
TNF inhibitors can reactivate latent TB, so patients are screened with a TB blood test or skin test and chest X-ray. Hepatitis B is usually checked as well.
Jawapan
B · Screening for latent tuberculosis
6.Farmakologi
Jawapan: B · 50 L
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Vd = 500 mg ÷ 10 mg/L = 50 L. Ini hampir kepada jumlah air badan, maka ubat tersebar melebihi plasma tetapi tidak disimpan dengan meluas dalam tisu.