Hormati hak: pilihan yang paling kurang menyekat, persetujuan dan kerahsiaan beserta hadnya.
2Soalan latihan
1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSederhana
A patient says, "The doctor says I'm getting better, but I don't think anyone here really knows me." Which nurse response is most therapeutic?
A"The doctor is very experienced, so you should trust her."
B"Everyone here knows you well, so don't worry."
C"You feel that people here don't really know you?"
D"Why do you think the doctor is wrong about you?"
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSukar
During a session, a patient asks the nurse, "Are you married? Do you have children?" Which response is most appropriate?
AAnswer briefly or decline politely, then return the focus to the patient
BShare details about the nurse's family to build a friendship
CIgnore the question completely and stay silent until the patient changes the subject
DEnd the session because personal questions are not allowed
3.Psikologi klinikalSederhana
Mekanisme pertahanan manakah yang ditunjukkan apabila seseorang yang mempunyai perasaan bermusuhan yang kuat terhadap rakan sekerja bertindak dengan terlalu mesra terhadapnya?
ARasionalisasi
BPembentukan reaksi
CPenafian
DPengalihan
4.Psikologi klinikalSukar
Pernyataan manakah tentang kesan plasebo dalam ujian antidepresan yang paling tepat?
ATindak balas plasebo begitu kuat sehingga antidepresan tidak pernah menunjukkan manfaat berbanding plasebo dalam ujian
BKesan plasebo tidak pernah berlaku dalam kemurungan
CPlasebo hanya berfungsi dalam penyakit fizikal
DKadar tindak balas plasebo adalah besar, jadi ujian memerlukan kumpulan kawalan untuk menunjukkan kesan ubat
5.FarmakologiSederhana
A patient with suspected sepsis has blood cultures ordered and a first antibiotic dose due. What should the nurse do?
ATake the blood cultures first, then give the antibiotic at once
BGive the antibiotic first, then take blood cultures the next day
CGive the antibiotic only if the temperature is above 40 °C (104 °F)
DWait for the culture results before giving any antibiotic
6.FarmakologiSukar
A patient taking dabigatran has a life-threatening bleed. Which specific reversal agent is used?
AVitamin K
BAndexanet alfa
CProtamine sulfate
DIdarucizumab
3Larutan
1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental
Jawapan: C · "You feel that people here don't really know you?"
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Reflecting the patient's concern invites them to explore it. Defending the doctor, reassuring falsely or asking "why" all close the conversation down.
Jawapan
C · "You feel that people here don't really know you?"
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental
Jawapan: A · Answer briefly or decline politely, then return the focus to the patient
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Patients often ask personal questions out of curiosity or to make the relationship more equal. A brief answer or a polite refusal, followed by redirecting to the patient's concerns, maintains boundaries without rejecting the patient.
Jawapan
A · Answer briefly or decline politely, then return the focus to the patient
3.Psikologi klinikal
Jawapan: B · Pembentukan reaksi
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Pembentukan reaksi menukar dorongan yang tidak boleh diterima menjadi sebaliknya, selalunya dalam bentuk yang keterlaluan.
Jawapan
B · Pembentukan reaksi
4.Psikologi klinikal
Jawapan: D · Kadar tindak balas plasebo adalah besar, jadi ujian memerlukan kumpulan kawalan untuk menunjukkan kesan ubat
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Tindak balas plasebo dalam ujian kemurungan sering 30–40%, jadi reka bentuk rawak berkawalan plasebo diperlukan untuk menunjukkan kesan khusus ubat.
Jawapan
D · Kadar tindak balas plasebo adalah besar, jadi ujian memerlukan kumpulan kawalan untuk menunjukkan kesan ubat
5.Farmakologi
Jawapan: A · Take the blood cultures first, then give the antibiotic at once
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Cultures are taken before antibiotics so the organism can be identified, but antibiotics must not be delayed in sepsis. Taking cultures quickly and then giving the antibiotic meets both aims.
Jawapan
A · Take the blood cultures first, then give the antibiotic at once
6.Farmakologi
Jawapan: D · Idarucizumab
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Idarucizumab is an antibody fragment that binds dabigatran. Andexanet alfa reverses factor Xa inhibitors, protamine reverses heparin, and vitamin K reverses warfarin.