Kejururawatan Kesihatan Mental: pek ulang kaji kilat

Lembaran formula, langkah kaedah utama untuk setiap topik dan 6 soalan latihan, dengan penyelesaian penuh di bahagian belakang.

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1Formula dan kaedah

Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Kaedah

  1. Tentukan sama ada terdapat risiko segera: bunuh diri, keganasan, kecemasan akibat ubat atau penyakit fizikal.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan dahulu: perhatikan, alihkan alat yang boleh digunakan, redakan ketegangan, hentikan ubat yang berbahaya, dapatkan bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, kemukakan realiti, elakkan jaminan palsu dan soalan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak: pilihan yang paling kurang menyekat, persetujuan dan kerahsiaan beserta hadnya.

2Soalan latihan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSederhana

A patient who started a high-dose corticosteroid (prednisolone or prednisone) a week ago is now euphoric, sleeping little and talking very fast. What should the nurse suspect?

  1. AAlcohol withdrawal
  2. BMood changes caused by the corticosteroid
  3. CA normal reaction to feeling better from the treatment
  4. DLithium toxicity
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSukar

On a mental health ward, which task is most appropriate for the nurse to delegate to a healthcare assistant?

  1. AAccompanying a stable patient to the dining room and recording his food intake
  2. BTeaching a patient about the side effects of lithium
  3. CEvaluating whether a PRN medicine given an hour ago has worked
  4. DCarrying out the full admission suicide risk assessment of a newly admitted patient
3.Psikologi klinikalSederhana

Seorang klien berkata "Saya gagal satu ujian, jadi saya akan gagal dalam segala-galanya." Herotan kognitif manakah ini?

  1. AMembaca fikiran
  2. BPengitlakan berlebihan
  3. CPenaakulan emosi
  4. DPempersonalan
4.Psikologi klinikalSukar

Penemuan otak manakah yang berulang kali dilaporkan dalam kumpulan orang dengan skizofrenia berbanding kawalan?

  1. ALobus frontal yang membesar pada semua pesakit
  2. BTumor dalam kelenjar pituitari
  3. CKetiadaan hipokampus sepenuhnya
  4. DVentrikel lateral yang membesar
5.FarmakologiSederhana

A patient must mix regular (soluble) insulin and NPH (isophane) insulin in one syringe. What is the correct order?

  1. ADraw up the clear regular insulin first, then the cloudy NPH insulin
  2. BDraw up the cloudy NPH insulin first, then the clear regular insulin
  3. CShake both vials hard, then draw them up in any order
  4. DDraw them up in separate syringes, then mix them in a cup
6.FarmakologiSukar

Why should a dose never be written as "5.0 mg" on a medication order?

  1. AIt is too precise for most drugs
  2. BThe decimal point may be missed, and the dose read as 50 mg
  3. CThe pharmacy cannot supply doses that contain a decimal point
  4. DIt means the dose must be given five times

3Larutan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: B · Mood changes caused by the corticosteroid

Mengapa ini jawapannya

High-dose corticosteroids can cause mood changes, including mania, depression and psychosis. The nurse reports the change so the prescriber can review the dose and treatment.

Jawapan

B · Mood changes caused by the corticosteroid
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: A · Accompanying a stable patient to the dining room and recording his food intake

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Routine, predictable tasks with stable patients, such as escorting and recording intake, can be delegated. Assessment, care planning, teaching and evaluation require the nurse's judgement.

Jawapan

A · Accompanying a stable patient to the dining room and recording his food intake
3.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: B · Pengitlakan berlebihan

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Pengitlakan berlebihan membuat kesimpulan menyeluruh daripada satu peristiwa. Terapi kognitif Beck mengajar klien memerhati dan menguji herotan sedemikian.

Jawapan

B · Pengitlakan berlebihan
4.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: D · Ventrikel lateral yang membesar

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Ventrikel yang membesar dan jirim kelabu yang berkurang ditemui secara purata dalam skizofrenia. Perbezaan ini ialah purata kumpulan dan tidak bersifat diagnostik bagi individu.

Jawapan

D · Ventrikel lateral yang membesar
5.Farmakologi

Jawapan: A · Draw up the clear regular insulin first, then the cloudy NPH insulin

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Drawing up regular insulin first prevents NPH from contaminating the regular insulin vial. NPH is gently rolled, not shaken, to mix it.

Jawapan

A · Draw up the clear regular insulin first, then the cloudy NPH insulin
6.Farmakologi

Jawapan: B · The decimal point may be missed, and the dose read as 50 mg

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Trailing zeros (5.0) and missing leading zeros (.5) are well-known causes of tenfold errors. Safe practice is to write 5 mg and 0.5 mg.

Jawapan

B · The decimal point may be missed, and the dose read as 50 mg

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing